Intro to Endocrinology Flashcards
Define paracrine signalling
secreted by cells and impacts ONLY neighboring cells
define endocrine signalling
secreted by glands into capillary and has target organ far away
define neuroendocrine signalling
secreted by nerves into capillary and has target organ reached by blood
steroid hormones are made from ____
cholesterol
steroid hormones are ____ soluble and bind to…
lipid soluble
cytoplasmic or nuclear receptors
all steroid and thyroid hormones are ____ hormones and lead to…
fat soluble
transcription and long term effects
steroid hormones travel through blood bound to _____
binding proteins
Name (and draw out) the 6 steroid hormones derived from cholesterol
- Androgens (DHEA & androstenodione)
- Estrogens (estradiol)
- Progestens (from pregnenolone)
- Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
- Mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
- Vitamin D
Where is androstenodione converted to testosterone?
testes
ovaries
liver
where is testosterone converted to estradiol?
ovaries
liver
fatty tissue (breast)
____ is directly responsible for estradiol synthesis in the cytochrome P450 steroid synthesis cascade (testosterone –
> estradiol)
aromatase
____ are not stored in their endocrine-producing glands
steroid hormones
cells that secrete chemicals into the ECF that act on cells in the same tissue are part of ____ regulation
paracrine
Which hormone is largely unbound to plasma proteins?
A) Cortisol
B) T4
C) ADH
D) Estradiol
E) Progesterone
C) ADH
where are steroid hormones produced?
adrenal gland
