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MSK Exam 1 > Intro to ANS > Flashcards

Intro to ANS Flashcards

1
Q

(SYMPATHETIC/PARASYMPATHETIC) innervation is catabolic and includes “fight or flight”.

A

Sympathetic

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2
Q

(SYMPATHETIC/PARASYMPATHETIC) innervation is anabolic and includes normal function and energy conservation.

A

Parasympathetic

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3
Q

Where does the Parasympathetic Nervous System distribute?

A

Head, Neck, and Trunk Viscera (never in body wall or extremities)

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4
Q

Where does the Sympathetic Nervous System distribute?

A

All vascular areas of the body

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5
Q

Glandular secretion is stimulated by the (SYMPATHETIC/PARASYMPATHETIC) nervous system (except Sweat Glands).

A

Parasympathetic

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6
Q

Sympathetic nervous system can indirectly decrease non-Sweat Glandular secretion through __________.

A

Vasoconstriction

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7
Q

Vasoconstriction is Sympathetically stimulated, except in the…

A

Coronary As.

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8
Q

What is the other name for Sympathetic division?

A

Thoracolumbar

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9
Q

What is the other name for Parasympathetic division?

A

Craniosacral

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10
Q

Where does Sympathetic visceral distribution run to?

A

To visceral structures (aka organs)

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11
Q

Where does Sympathetic parietal distribution run to?

A

To smooth muscle of skin and blood vessels

Sweat Glands

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12
Q

Sympathetic Presynaptic fibers are (SHORT/LONG) and their cell bodies exist in the…

A

Short
Lateral Horn of Spinal Cord

***Same for Visceral and Parietal distribution

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13
Q

Sympathetic Presynaptic fibers always travel in the (ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR) Root and travels into the (ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR) Ramus.

A

Anterior
Anterior

***Same for Visceral and Parietal distribution

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14
Q

After the Sympathetic Presynaptic fiber quickly exits the Anterior Ramus via the _______ _______, then it enters the ________ ________.

A

White Ramus Communicans
Paravertebral Ganglia

***Same for Visceral and Parietal distribution

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15
Q

Explain the 3 options that a Sympathetic Visceral Presynaptic fiber could take.

A

1) Presynaptic fiber enters Paravertebral Ganglion and synapses onto Postsynaptic neuron in same spinal level
2) Presynaptic fiber enters Paravertebral Ganglion and ascends or descends to another spinal level’s Paravertebral Ganglion then synapses with Postsynaptic neuron
3) Presynaptic fiber enters Paravertebral Ganglion, does not synapse, and continues out to a Prevertebral Ganglion via a Splanchnic Nerve where it synapses with Postsynaptic neuron.

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16
Q

In Sympathic Visceral distribution, the Postsynaptic fibers are (SHORT/LONG) and their cells bodies exist in the Paravertebral or Prevertebral Ganglia.

A

Long

17
Q

What type of ganglia form the Sympathetic Trunks on either side of the Vertebral Column?

A

Paravertebral Ganglia

18
Q

What are the types of Prevertebral Ganglion?

A

Celiac Ganglion
Superior Mesenteric Ganglion
Aorticorenal Ganglion
Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion

19
Q

For Sympathetic Parietal distribution, explain the synaptic options that it can take.

A

1) Trunk Distribution – Presynaptic fibers enter Paravertebral Ganglion and synapse onto Postsynaptic neuron at same spinal level
2) Head, Neck, and UE Distribution – Presynaptic fibers enter Paravertebral Ganglion then ascend to synapse on Postsynaptic neurons in Cervical Sympathetic Trunk (Paravertebral Ganglion)
3) Perineum and LE Distribution – Presynaptic fibers enter Paravertebral Ganglion then descend to synapse on Postsynaptic neurons in Abdominal and Sacral Sympathetic Trunks (Paravertebral Ganglion)

20
Q

Why does the Thoracic area of the spinal cord the only area to send out Presynaptic fibers?

A

It is the only area of the spinal cord with Lateral Horns in the Spinal Cord (uppermost Lumbar can too, but usually won’t see that)

21
Q

In Sympathetic Parietal distribution, the Postsynaptic fibers are (SHORT/LONG) and their cells bodies exist in the Paravertebral Ganglion.

A

Long

22
Q

In Sympathetic Parietal distribution, the Postsynaptic fibers exit the Paravertebral Ganglion via the ________ _______ ________ and goes back into the Somatic Nerve.

A

Gray Rami Communicantes

23
Q

What path does the Postsynaptic fibers take for Trunk distribution of the back?

A

Postsynaptic fibers follow the Posterior Rami of spinal nerves to innervate smooth muscle and sweat glands of the back

24
Q

What path does the Postsynaptic fibers take for Trunk distribution of the anterior and lateral trunk?

A

Postsynaptic fibers follow the Anterior Rami of spinal nerves, which for the trunk are Intercostal, Thoracoabdominal, and Subcostal Ns.

These nerves go on to innervate smooth muscle and sweat glands of the Thoracic and Abdominal body wall.

25
Q

What path does the Postsynaptic fibers take for Head, Neck, and UE distribution to the head and face?

A

Postsynaptic fibers follow Carotid Ns. and enter the Carotid Periarterial Plexus to innervate smooth muscle and sweat glands of the head and face.

26
Q

What path does the Postsynaptic fibers take for Head, Neck, and UE distribution to the posterior neck?

A

Postsynaptic fibers follow Posterior Rami, such as Suboccipital N., Greater Occipital N., and Least Occipital N. to innervate the smooth muscle and sweat glands of the posterior neck.

27
Q

What path does the Postsynaptic fibers take for Head, Neck, and UE distribution for the anterior neck and UE?

A

Postsynaptic fibers follow the Anterior Rami, which for anterior neck make up the Cervical Plexus and for the UE make up the Brachial Plexus to innervate the smooth muscle and sweat glands of anterior neck and UE.

28
Q

What path does the Postsynaptic fibers take for Perineum and LE distribution to the buttocks?

A

Postsynaptic fibers follow the Posterior Rami called Cluneal Ns. to innervate the smooth muscle and sweat glands of the buttocks.

29
Q

What path does the Postsynaptic fibers take for Perineum and LE distribution?

A

Postsynaptic fibers follow the Anterior Rami which make up the Lumbar and Sacral Plexuses to innervate smooth muscle and sweat glands of the perineum and LE.

30
Q

For the Parasympathetic Nervous System, the Presynaptic fibers are (SHORT/LONG) and Postsynaptic fibers are (SHORT/LONG).

A

Long

Short

31
Q

Where do the Parasympathetic Presynaptic fiber cell bodies lie?

A

Brain stem – exits as Cranial Nerves (III, VII, IX, X)

Sacral spinal levels – exits as Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves

32
Q

Parasympathetic Postsynaptic fibers are usually short, are near the…

A

Ganglion or Target organ

***Their nuclei are in four specific ganglion or in the target organ

33
Q

What are the four specific Cranial Ganglia that Parasympathetic Postsynaptic fibers are involved with?

A

Ciliary Ganglion
Pterygopalatine Ganglion
Submandibular Ganglion
Otic Ganglion

34
Q

This type of plexuses are typically mixed Sympathetic and Parasympathetic plexuses that travel on the vasculature to carry the Postsynaptic (for sympathetic) and Presynaptic (for parasympathetic) to the target organs.

A

Autonomic Plexuses

MSK Exam 1 (20 decks)

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