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Musculoskeletal System > Intrinsic Muscles Of The Foot > Flashcards

Intrinsic Muscles Of The Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What nerve innervates both muscles on the dorsal aspect of the foot?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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2
Q

What is the origin of EDB?

A

Calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum

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3
Q

What is the insertion of EDB?

A

Long extensor tendons of the lateral 4 toes

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4
Q

What are the actions of EDB?

A

Extends the lateral 4 toes at MTP and IP joints

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5
Q

What is the nerve supply to EDB?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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6
Q

What is the origin of EHB?

A

Calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum

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7
Q

What is the insertion of EHB?

A

Proximal phalanx of great toe

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8
Q

What is the action of EHB?

A

Extends great toe at MTP joint

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9
Q

What is the nerve supply to EHB?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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10
Q

How many layers is the plantar aspect of the foot split into?

A

4 layers

1st layer is the most superficial to sole

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11
Q

How many intrinsic muscles of the foot are on the dorsal aspect and what are they ?

A

2
Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis

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12
Q

What is the origin of the abductor hallucis?

A

Medial tubercle of calcaneus and flexor retinaculum

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13
Q

What is the insertion of abductor hallucis?

A

Proximal phalanx of great toe

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14
Q

What are the actions of abductor hallucis?

A

Abduction and flexion of great toe

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15
Q

What is the nerve supply to abductor hallucis?

A

Medial plantar nerve

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16
Q

What is the origin of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Medial tubercle of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

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17
Q

Where does the FDB insert?

A

Middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes

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18
Q

What is the action of FDB?

A

Flexes lateral 4 digits at proximal IP joints

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19
Q

What is the nerve supply to FDB?

A

Medial plantar nerve

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20
Q

What is the origin of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneus

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21
Q

What is the insertion of AbDM?

A

Proximal phalanx of 5th digit

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22
Q

What are the actions of AbDM?

A

Abducts and flexes 5th digit

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23
Q

What is the nerve supply to AbDM?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

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24
Q

How many types of muscles are in the second layer of the plantar aspect and what are they?

A

2

Quadratus plantar and lumbricals

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25
Q

Name the 3 muscles of the 1st layer of the plantar aspect

A

Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digit minimi

26
Q

What is the origin of the quadratus plantae?

A

Plantar surface of calcaneus

27
Q

Where does the QP insert?

A

Tendons of FDL

28
Q

What is the action of QP?

A

Flexing lateral 4 digits

29
Q

What is the nerve supply to QP?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

30
Q

How many lumbricals do we have in each foot?

31
Q

What is the origin of the lumbricals?

A

Tendons of FDL

32
Q

What is the insertion of the lumbricals?

A

Extensor hoods of lateral 4 digits

33
Q

What are the actions of the lumbricals?

A

Flexing MTP joints

Extending IP joints

34
Q

What is the nerve supply to the lumbricals?

A

Most medial = medial plantar nerve

3 lateral lumbricals = lateral plantar nerve

35
Q

How many muscles are in the 3rd layer of the plantar aspect and what are they?

A

3
Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

36
Q

What is the origin of FHB?

A

Cuboid and lateral cuneiform

37
Q

What is the insertion of FHB?

A

Proximal phalanx of great toe

38
Q

What is the action of FHB?

A

Flex MTP joint of great toe

39
Q

What is the nerve supply to FHB?

A

Medial plantar nerve

40
Q

What is the origin of adductor hallucis?

A

Oblique head = base of first 4 metatarsals

Transverse head = plantar ligaments of MTP joints

41
Q

What is the insertion of AdH?

A

Proximal phalanx of great toe

42
Q

What are the actions of adductor hallucis?

A

Adducts great toe

Forms transverse arch of foot

43
Q

What is the nerve supply to AdH?

A

Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve

44
Q

What is the origin of FDMB?

A

Base of 5th metatarsal

45
Q

What is the insertion of FDMB?

A

Proximal phalanx of 5th digit

46
Q

What is the action of FDMB?

A

Flexes 5th digit

47
Q

What is the nerve supply to FDMB?

A

Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve

48
Q

What muscles make up the fourth (deepest) layer of the plantar aspect?

A

Plantar interossei

Dorsal interossei

49
Q

How many plantar interossei do we have per foot?

50
Q

How many dorsal interossei do we have per foot?

51
Q

What is the origin of the plantar interossei?

A

Medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

52
Q

What is the insertion of plantar interossei?

A

Medial sides of phalanges of digits 3-5

53
Q

What are the actions of the plantar interossei?

A

Adduct digits 3-5

Flex MTP joints

54
Q

What is the nerve supply to plantar interossei?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

55
Q

How do the dorsal interossei attach?

A

Each muscle arises from 2 metatarsals
1st muscle attaches to medial side of 2nd digit (proximal phalanx)
2nd-4th muscles attach to lateral sides of digits 2-4

56
Q

What are the actions of dorsal interossei?

A

Abduct digits 2-4

Flex MTP joints

57
Q

What is the nerve supply to dorsal interossei?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

58
Q

Contusion of EDB results in …

A

Haematoma

Swelling anteromedial to lateral malleolus

59
Q

When might medial plantar nerve entrapment occur?

A

During repeated eversion of the foot (eg. Gymnastics)

60
Q

What are the symptoms of medial plantar nerve entrapment?

A

Aching
Numbness
Paraesthesia of medial side of sole

61
Q

Describe the dorsalis pedis pulse

A

From dorsalis pedis artery on dorsum of foot, just lateral to EHL tendon
Artery supplies tarsal bones and dorsal aspect of metatarsals
(Contributes to toes via deep plantar arch)

62
Q

Where do the great and small saphenous veins start?

A

Dorsal venous arch of the foot

Musculoskeletal System (26 decks)

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