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Musculoskeletal System > Hand > Flashcards

Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What is palmaris brevis?

A

A small, intrinsic muscle of the hand.
Overlies the hypothenar muscles, ulnar artery and ulnar nerve.
Deepens the curve of the palm

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2
Q

What is the palmar aponeurosis?

A

Triangular condensation of deep fascia

Covers the palm and anchored to the skin distally

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3
Q

Which muscles make up the thenar eminence?

A

Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis

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4
Q

Which muscles make up the hypothenar eminence?

A

Palmaris brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

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5
Q

How many palmar interossei do we have per hand and what is their role?

A

3

Adduction of fingers

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6
Q

How many dorsal interossei do we have per hand and what is their function?

A

4

Abduction of digits

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7
Q

What is the function of the lumbricals?

A

Flex MCP joints

Extend proximal and distal IP joints

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8
Q

What is the Allen’s test?

A

A test that the ulnar artery can work on its own to supply the hand so that the radial artery may be used for other things.
Eg. Blood gas/bypass

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9
Q

What is Froment’s test?

A

Test the functionality of the ulnar nerve
Ask the patient to grip a piece of paper under thumb and try to stop you from pulling it out
Ulnar nerve pathology = they cannot grip tight enough without flexing their thumb

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10
Q

What can occur with median nerve damage?

A

Hand of benediction

Cannot make a fist as cannot flex the lateral 3 digits

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11
Q

What canal does the ulnar nerve pass through to enter the hand?

A

Guyon’s canal

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12
Q

What are the possible treatments for carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Steroid injections
Anti-inflammatory tablets
Splint
Carpal tunnel release

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13
Q

How can ulnar nerve injuries occur?

A

Trauma or deliberate self harm

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14
Q

What is the ulnar paradox?

A

The higher up the arm that you injure the ulnar nerve, the less pronounced the ulnar claw will be because the flexor digitorum profundus will be paralysed.

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15
Q

What can occur with median nerve damage?

A

Hand of benediction

Cannot make a fist as cannot flex the lateral 3 digits

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16
Q

What canal does the ulnar nerve pass through to enter the hand?

A

Guyon’s canal

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17
Q

What are the possible treatments for carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Steroid injections
Anti-inflammatory tablets
Splint
Carpal tunnel release

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18
Q

How can ulnar nerve injuries occur?

A

Trauma or deliberate self harm

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19
Q

What is the ulnar paradox?

A

The higher up the arm that you injure the ulnar nerve, the less pronounced the ulnar claw will be because the flexor digitorum profundus will be paralysed.

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20
Q

What is a Bennett’s fracture of the hand?

A

Fracture of the 1st metacarpal

Due to hyperabduction of the thumb

21
Q

What is a Boxer’s fracture of the hand?

A

Fracture of the 5th metacarpal

Due to a clenched fist hitting a hard object

22
Q

What is the origin of opponens pollicis?

A

Tubercle of trapezium

23
Q

What is the insertion of opponens pollicis?

A

Lateral part of metacarpal I

24
Q

What happens to the CMC joint of the thumb during opposition?

A

Medial rotation and flexion

25
Q

What nerve innervates the thenar muscles?

A

Median nerve

26
Q

What is the origin of APB?

A

Scaphoid and trapezium

27
Q

What is the insertion of APB?

A

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

28
Q

What is the origin of FPB?

A

Tubercle of trapezium

29
Q

What is the insertion of FPB?

A

Proximal phalanx of thumb

30
Q

What is the action of FPB?

A

Flexes MCP joint of thumb

31
Q

What is the origin of opponens digit minimi?

A

Hook of hamate

32
Q

What is the insertion of ODM?

A

Metacarpal V

33
Q

What is the action of ODM?

A

Rotates metacarpal V towards palm

34
Q

What is the origin of AbDM?

A

Pisiform and tendon of FCU

35
Q

What is the insertion of AbDM?

A

Proximal phalanx of little finger

36
Q

What is the origin of FDMB?

A

Hook of hamate

37
Q

What is the insertion of FDMB?

A

Proximal phalanx of little finger

38
Q

What is the action of FDMB?

A

Flexes MCP joint of little finger

39
Q

Where do the lumbricals originate?

A

Tendons of FDP

40
Q

Where do the lumbricals insert?

A

Extensor hoods

41
Q

What is the action of the lumbricals?

A

Flex MCP joints

Extend IP joints

42
Q

The interossei are all innervated by …

A

The ulnar nerve

43
Q

What is the origin of palmaris brevis?

A

Palmar aponeurosis

44
Q

What is the insertion of palmaris brevis?

A

Dermis of skin

45
Q

What is the action of palmaris brevis?

A

Deepens curvature of hand

46
Q

What is the nerve supply to palmaris brevis?

A

Ulnar nerve

47
Q

What is the origin of adductor pollicis?

A

Metacarpal III and capitate

48
Q

What is the insertion of adductor pollicis?

A

Proximal phalanx of thumb

49
Q

What is the nerve supply to adductor pollicis?

A

Ulnar nerve

Musculoskeletal System (26 decks)

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