Circulation In The Limbs Flashcards
When does the external iliac become the femoral artery?
As it passes under the inguinal ligament
What are the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries branches of?
Deep artery of the thigh
The obturator artery is a branch of which artery?
Internal iliac artery
What does the obturator artery supply?
Adductor muscles of thigh
The perforating arteries that supply the muscles of the thigh branch off the …
Deep artery of the thigh
The artery to the head of the femur is a branch of which artery?
Obturator artery
Where does the inguinal ligament run from and to?
ASIS to pubic tubercle
Where do we feel for the femoral pulse?
Half way between ASIS and pubic symphysis (mid-inguinal point)
What are the sites for insertion of a catheter to the heart?
Femoral artery
Radial artery
Brachial artery
The adductor canal runs between which muscles?
Under sartorius
Over adductor longus
Which nerves run alongside the femoral artery in the adductor canal?
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to vastus medialis
Describe the contents of the popliteal fossa, lateral to medial
Common peroneal nerve
Tibial nerve
Popliteal vein
Popliteal artery
Name the 5 main arteries to the knee
Superior, medial genicular artery Inferior, medial genicular Superior, lateral genicular Inferior, lateral genicular Middle
The popliteal artery branches into which arteries?
Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
The fibular artery is a branch of which artery?
Posterior tibial artery
Which artery branches into the lateral and medial plantar arteries?
Posterior tibial artery
What is the most common site of atherosclerosis formation?
Abdominal aorta (and iliac arteries)
How do we do an Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index?
Compare BP in ankle and arm
Patient lays supine - everything at the same height
ABPI = BP leg / BP arm
Normal = 0.9 - 1.2
Can also use a Doppler ultrasound probe to assess blood flow
How does flow relate to radius?
Flow is proportional to radius to the power 4
What are the signs of poor perfusion?
Lack of hair Skin problems Ulcers Infection Skin necrosis Loss of pulses Cold to touch
What is the treatment for peripheral vascular disease
Aspirin
Risk factor modification eg. Lipid lowering, stop smoking, BP control, control of diabetes, increase exercise
What are the signs of popliteal aneurysm?
Oedema and pain in popliteal fossa
Palpable pulsation
What injuries could cause popliteal artery rupture?
Fracture of distal femur
Dislocation of knee
Describe saphenous cut down
Used in emergency situations when it is difficult to find a vein for venae puncture or cannula insertion
Anterior to medial malleolus
Risk of saphenous risk injury
Describe varicose veins
Dilated, tortuous, superficial veins
Valve flaps fail - incompetent
Venous insufficiency can lead to ulcers
Where does the subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery?
Passing lateral to the 1st rib
Where does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
Passing the inferior border of teres major
How many segments is the axillary artery split into and what defines them?
3
Defined by position relative to pectoralis minor
What do we call the arteries that supply to head of the humerus?
Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Which artery runs alongside the radial nerve in the radial groove?
Deep branch of the brachial artery
Which arteries anastomose at the scapula?
Subscapular artery
Suprascapular artery
Dorsal scapular artery
Which artery supplies the deep palmar arch of the hand?
Radial and ulnar arteries
Which artery supplies the superficial palmar arch?
Ulnar artery
The posterior and anterior interosseous arteries are branches of which artery?
Ulnar artery
Where do the cephalic and basilic veins start?
Dorsal venous arch of the hand
Which superficial vein of the arm runs laterally and which runs medially?
Lateral = cephalic Medial = basilic
Deep venous drainage of the arm arises from which structure?
Deep palmar arch (venous?)
