Anterior Thigh Flashcards
What are the hip flexors of the anterior thigh?
Iliacus Psoas major Psoas minor Pectineus Sartorius
How many knee extensors are there in the anterior thigh?
4
What do we collectively call the knee extensors and what muscles make up this?
Quadriceps femoris:
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Where does the iliacus originate?
Iliac fossa
Where do the iliacus and psoas major blend?
Iliac fossa
Where does the pectineus originate?
Pubis
Where does the pectineus attach?
Pectineal line on posterior femur
What nerve innervates the hip flexors? (Except psoas muscles)
Femoral nerve
How many hip flexors are in the anterior thigh?
5
Where does the sartorius originate?
Anterior superior iliac spine
Where does the sartorius attach?
Tibia (Pes Anserinus)
What are the branches of the femoral artery?
Deep artery of the thigh
Lateral circumflex
Medial circumflex
What forms the superior border of the femoral triangle?
Inguinal ligament (ASIS to pubic tubercle)
From lateral to medial, what structures occur in the femoral triangle?
Femoral nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymph nodes
What is the lateral border of the femoral triangle?
Medial border of sartorius
What is the medial border of the femoral triangle?
Medial border of adductor longus
What structures are included in the femoral sheath?
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymph nodes
What structures are inside the femoral canal?
Lymphatic system/lymph nodes
What are the areas of the superior, anterior thigh called from largest to smallest?
Femoral triangle -> femoral sheath -> femoral canal
What is the femoral ring?
The opening of the femoral canal
Which 2 structures form the borders of the femoral canal?
Lacuna ligament
Pectineal ligament
Where can we feel the femoral pulse?
Half way between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis
Describe a femoral hernia
Bowel herniates through into the femoral canal
May get compressed against the lacuna ligament and form a strangulated hernia
What is a fascia iliaca block?
Injection of anaesthetic into space to bathe the femoral nerve and the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Helps with pain control after a fracture to the femur neck
Where is the iliopsoas bursa?
Deep to the iliopsoas
Where does the iliopsoas insert?
Lesser trochanter of femur
What is the action of iliopsoas?
Flexes hip
Lateral rotation at hip
What is the nerve supply to iliopsoas?
Psoas major = L1-L3 anterior rami
Iliacus = femoral nerve
What is the origin of rectus femoris?
Ilium
What is the insertion of rectus femoris?
Patella
What is the action of rectus femoris?
Flexes hip
Extends knee
What is the innervation of rectus femoris?
Femoral nerve
What are the borders of the femoral canal?
Anterior = inguinal ligament Medial = lacuna ligament Posterior = pectineal ligament Lateral = femoral vein
