Interpreting ECG Flashcards
What do you first check on the ecg?
Name
Date
Age
Prev ecg to compare
How do you determine if it is a full standard ecg?
Standardization mark 2 large blocks tall
How do you calculate rate using ecg?
300 divide by no. of small blocks between R waves
How do you determine if the rhythm is sinus?
- P wave before every QRS complex
- QRS complex after every P wave
- P wave upright leads I, II, III
- Constant PR interval
What do you look at determine ecg axis?
QRS in lead I and AVF
How does a normal axis appear on ecg?
I = + AVF = +
How does a right axis appear on ecg?
I = - AVF = +
Right -> becoming positive
How does a left axis appear on ecg?
I = + AVF = -
How does an extreme left axis appear on ecg?
I = - AVF = -
What is a P pulmonale?
P wave taller than 2 blocks
What is a P mitrale?
P wave wider than 2 blocks
How long should the PR interval be?
0.08 - 0.12s
How long should the QRS complex be?
3 small blocks (0.12s)
M pattern seen in:
V1 = RBBB (right is first!)
V6 = LBBB
How long should the QT interval be?
<0.45 <6 months
< 0.44 > 6 months
Name causes of peaked, pointed T waves
Hyperkalemia
LVH
Name causes of flattened T waves
Hypokalemia
Hypothyroidism
Where do you look to assess T waves?
VI and VII
<7d = +
7d - 7y = inverted
>7y = +
How does RVH appear on ecg?
Tall R waves in V1/V2
Deep S waves in V5/V6
Predominent R/S wave in VI and VII< 6 months can be normal
Increased R/S ratio in V1 or decreased R/S ratio in V6
ST segment and asymmetric T wave inversion in VI and VII – strain
R wave in V1 > 7mm
How does LVH appear on ecg?
Tall R waves in V5 & V6 Deep S waves in V1 & V2 Abnormal R wave progression T wave inversion in V5 and V6 Left axis deviation
How do SVT and VT differ on ecg?
SVT = narrow QRS VT = broad QRS
