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Grade 12 Biology > Interactions > Flashcards

Interactions Flashcards

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1
Q

predation description

A

one oragnism (predator) kills and eats another organism (prey)

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2
Q

cannibalism description

A

a subset of predation when the predator and prey are organisms of the same species

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3
Q

Herbivory description

A

an organism feeds on a photosynthetic organism (e.g. plant or algae)

the organism being fed on might not die

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4
Q

defense mechanism definition

A

mechanisms that evolved as a means of protection against predation and herbivory

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5
Q

types of defense mechanisms

A
  • camouflage
  • mimcry
  • chemical defense
  • behavioural defense
  • structural defense
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6
Q

camouflage description

A

a type of protective coloration where organism mimics the patterns of its environment

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7
Q

mimicry description

A

a type of protective coloration where organisms resemble another

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8
Q

batesian mimicry

A

harmless/palatable species mimics a harmful/unpalatable one

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9
Q

mullerian mimicry description

A

harmful/unpalatable species that share a common predator mimic each other’s warning signals

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10
Q

Chemical defense mimicry

A

an organism releases noxious odours or concentrates poisons in tis body to make itself chemically unattractive

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11
Q

types of behavioural defense

A

passive, active

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12
Q

passive behavioural defense

A

hiding, freezing, playing dead

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13
Q

active behavioural defense

A

fleeing, herding, mobbing, using distraction

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14
Q

strcutural defense description

A

an external armour that is hard or thorny

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15
Q

symbiosis

A

two species having a physically close ecological association with each other

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16
Q

classes of symbiosis

A

obligate, facultative

17
Q

obligate symbiosis description

A

organisms could not survive without each other

18
Q

facultative symbiosis description

A

species live together by choice

19
Q

types of symbiotic relationship

A
  • mutualism
  • commensalism
  • amensalism
  • parasitism
  • competition
20
Q

mutualism

A

two organisms interact, both benefitin

21
Q

commensalism description

A

occurs when one organism benefits and te other neither benefits nor is harmed

22
Q

amensalism description

A

one organism inflicts harm or inhibits on the other, while being unaffected itself without cost or benefit

a relationship that has destructive effect on one organism and no effect on the other

23
Q

parasitism description

A

one organism (parasite), benefits by harming the other (host)

24
Q

competition description

A

an interaction in which 2 or more populations lose access to resources

25
Q

intraspecific competition definition

A

competition between members of the same species

26
Q

interspecific competition definition

A

competition between members of different species

27
Q

Interference competition

A

an organism directly alters the ability of anotehr organism to obtain the resource

28
Q

exploitative competition

A

an indirect competition for resources
- an organism has a superior ability over another organism to gather the same resource

29
Q

Competition exclusion principle

A

two species with identical niches can not coexist

30
Q

niche definition

A

a species requirement for biotic and abiotic resources

31
Q

resource partitioning defintion

A

a means of dealing with competition by using different resources within a habitat

32
Q

fundamental niche definition

A

range of conditions and resources that a species can tolerate and use

33
Q

density dependent factors

A
  • allee effect
  • competition for resources
  • predation
  • disease
34
Q

density independent factors

A
  • pollution
  • climate change
  • natural disturbances

Grade 12 Biology (5 decks)

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