Integumentary Flashcards
what are some factors that affect wound healing?
nutrition
immunocompromised
poor circulation
stress
antiseptics
medications
diabetes
anemia
infection
how should wounds be cleaned?
mild soap and water
what 3 things are toxic to wounds?
povidone-iodine
Alcohol
Hydrogen peroxide
what is the most common complication with wound healing?
pruritis
what can help to relieve pruritic?
cooling baths
compresses
baking soda baths
prevent scratching
what is an example of an antipruritic medication?
benadryl
what is impetigo?
red macule that ruptures causing a thick, honey coloured crust
what is folliculitis?
pimple
infection of hair follicle
what is a furuncle?
boil
larger lesion with redness and swelling
what is a carbuncle?
multiple boils
what is cellulitis?
inflammation of skin
intense redness and swelling
lymphangitis “streaking”
lymph node involvement
abscess formation
what is the peak age for diaper dermatitis?
9-12 months
diaper dermatitis is more common in ___________
bottle-fed
what are the causes of diaper dermatitis?
Urine
Feces
Soaps
Detergents
Chemical irritants
what infection can diaper dermatitis cause?
Candidiasis
what is Candidiasis?
maculopapular rash
satellite lesions
how is diaper dermatitis managed?
alter:
1. wetness
2. pH
3. fecal irritants
what is atopic dermatitis?
pruritic eczema that begins during infancy
eczema is ________
hereditary
what is eczema associated with?
food allergies
allergic rhinitis
asthma
how is eczema treated?
avoid exposure to irritants ad allergens
avoid loss of moisture
avoid overheating
medications
what medications can be used for eczema?
Antihistamines
Topical immunomodulators
Topical steroids
what is the most common type of burn in toddlers?
hot water scalds
what is the most common type of burn in older children?
flame related
what are other burns often related to?
child abuse
playing with matches or lighters
how are burns classified?
based on amount of tissue affected
1. total body surface area
2. depth
what is a first degree burn?
superficial
minimal tissue damage
painful
erythema
what is a second degree burn?
partial thickness
epidermis + some dermis
painful
moist, red, blisters
what are third degree burns?
full thickness
epidermis + dermis + SC
destroys nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands
what are fourth degree burns?
full thickness + underlying tissue
muscle and bone
what are the different severities of burn injuries?
major = specialized burn centre
moderate = treated in hospital
minor = outpatient treatment
what are some signs of inhalation burn injuries?
burns on face and lips
singed nose hairs
wheezing
increased secretions
hoarseness
wet crackles
coughing
increased WOB
what are the 5 steps for emergency burn care?
- stop process
- assess (CABs)
- cover burn
- transport to medical care
- reassurance
what is the first priority for burn injuries?
airway
what are the 4 treatments for burn injuries?
- airway maintenance
- fluid replacement
- nutrition
- medication
how should fluids be replaced for burn injuries?
required for first 24 hours
crystalloid (initial) –> colloids
what diet is recommended for burn injuries?
high protein, high calorie
are antibiotics administered for burn injuries?
NO
what medications are given for burn injuries?
analgesics
anesthetics
