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NAPLEX 2022 > Infectious Diseases - PART 2 > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases - PART 2 Flashcards

1
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE AGENTS

A

GENTAMICIN
TOBRAMYCIN
AMIKACIN

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2
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE TOXICITIES

A

NEPHROTOXICITY
OTOTOXICITY
NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKADE

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3
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE COVERAGE

A

GN (INCLUDING PSEUDOMONAS)

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4
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDES ARE COMMONLY USED IN COMBINATION WITH WHICH AGENTS AND WHY?

A

BETA LACTAMS OR VANCOMYCIN

FOR SYNERGY AND TO COVER GP

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5
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE DOSING: UNDERWEIGHT PATIENT

A

USE TOTAL BODY WEIGHT

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6
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE DOSING: OBESE PATIENT

A

ADJUSTED BODY WEIGHT

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7
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE DOSING: GENTAMICIN AND TOBRAMYCIN TRADITIONAL DOSING

A

1-2.5 MG/KG/DOSE Q8H

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8
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE DOSING: GENTAMICIN AND TOBRAMYCIN EXTENDED INTERVAL DOSING

A

4-7 MG/KG/DAY Q24H

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9
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE MONITORING: DRUG LEVEL FOR TRADITIONAL DOSING

A

NEED TROUGH LEVEL RIGHT BEFORE 4TH DOSE AND PEAK 30 MIN AFTER 4TH DOSE

GOAL TROUGH <2
GOAL PEAK 5-10

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10
Q

AMINOGLYCOSIDE MONITORING: DRUG LEVEL FOR EXTENDED DOSING

A

RANDOM LEVEL TO DETERMINE DOSING FREQUENCY

NOMOGRAM BASED ON DRUG LEVEL AND TIME BETWEEN START AND RANDOM DRAW

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11
Q

QUINOLONE AGENTS

A

CIRPOFLOXACIN
LEVOFLOXACIN
MOXIFLOXACIN
GEMIFLOXACIN

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12
Q

QUINOLONE COVERAGE

A

GN AND GP
ATYPICALS

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13
Q

RESPIRATORY QUINOLONES

A

LEVOFLOXACIN
MOXIFLOXACIN
GEMIFLOXACIN

HAVE ENHANCED COVERAGE TO S.PNEUMO AND ATYPICAL

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14
Q

WHICH QUINOLONES HAVE ENHANCED GN ACTIVITY (INCLUDING TO PSEUDOMONAS)

A

CIPROFLOXACIN
LEVOFLOXACIN

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15
Q

WHICH QUINOLONE CAN NOT BE USED FOR UTIS?

A

MOXIFLOXACIN

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16
Q

WHICH FLUOROQUINOLONE HAS ENHANCED GP AND ANAEROBIC COVERAGE

A

MOXIFLOXACIN

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17
Q

WHICH FLUOROQUINOLONE HAS MRSA COVERAGE?

A

DELAFLOXACIN

OTHER QUINOLONES ARE AVOIDED DUE TO RESISTANCE

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18
Q

WHICH FLUOROQUINOLONE DOES NOT REQUIRE RENAL DOSE ADJUSTMENT?

A

MOXIFLOXACIN

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19
Q

WHICH QUINOLONES HAVE IV:PO RATIO OF 1:1?

A

LEVOFLOXACIN AND MOXIFLOXACIN

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20
Q

CAUTION FLUOROQUINOLONE USE IN THESE DISEASE STATES

A

CVD
LOW K OR MG
USE WITH OTHER QT PROLONGING
SEIZURE HISTORY
DIABETES
PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS

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21
Q

WHICH ORAL SUSPENSION SHOULD AVOID ADMINISTRATION WITH NG TUBE OR OTHER FEEDING TUBE?

A

CIPROFLOXACIN

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22
Q

AVOID SYSTEMIC FLUOROQUINOLONES IN THESE POPULATIONS

A
  • PTS WITH SEIZURE HX
  • PEDIATRICS (MUSCULOTOXICITY)
  • PREGNANCY (MUSCULOTOXICITY)
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23
Q

MACROLIDE AGENTS

A

AZITHROMYCIN
CLARITHROMYCN
ERYTHROMYCIN

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24
Q

Z-PAK DOSING

A

500 MG DAY 1
250 MG DAY 2-5

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25
Q

MACROLIDE COVERAGE

A

ATYPICALS
H FLU

26
Q

MACROLIDE COMMON USE

A

COMMUNITY ACQUIRED RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS

STI (CHLAMYDIA AND GONORRHEA)

27
Q

MACROLIDE WARNING

A

QT PROLONGATION
HEPATOTOXICITY

28
Q

WHICH MACROLID SHOULD BE CAUTIONED IN CAD

A

CLARITHROMYCIN CAN INCREASE RISK OF DEATH

29
Q

THESE MACROLIDES HAVE HIGH POTENTIAL FOR DDIS BECAUSE THEY DO THIS

A

CLARITHOMYCIN AND ERYTHROMYCIN
STRONG CYP3A4 INHIBITORS

30
Q

TETRACYCLINE AGENTS

A

DOXYCYCLINE
MINOCYCLINE
TETRACYCLINE

31
Q

TETRACYCLINE COVERAGE

A

GPC
GN AND ATYPICALS

32
Q

DOXYCYCLINE HAS BROADER INDICATIONS

A

CAP
TICK-BORNE DISEASES
STIS (CHLAMYDIA AND GONORRHEA)
CA-MRSA SKIN INFECTION
VRE UTI

33
Q

WHICH TETRACYCLINE DOES NOT NEED RENAL DOSE ADJUSTMENTS

A

DOXYCYCLINE

34
Q

TETRACYCLINE WARNINGS

A

BONE GROWTH AND TEETH DISCOLORATION (CHILDREN < 8 YO, PREGNANCY)
PHOTOSENSITIVITY

35
Q

MINOCYCLINE HAS THIS UNIQUE WARNING

A

DRUG INDUCED LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (DILE)

36
Q

TETRACYCLINE BIOAVAILABILITY (IV:PO RATIO)

A

GOOD
1:1 FOR DOXY AND MINOCYCLINE

37
Q

SMX/TMP COVERAGE

A

MRSA
UNRELIABLE STREP
BROAD GN BACTERIA (SHIGELLA, SALMONELLA, HNPEK)
OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS
NO PSEUDOMONAS, ENTEROCOCCI, ATYPICAL, OR ANAEROBE COVERAGE

38
Q

WHICH OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS DOES SMX/TMP HAVE COVERAGE?

A

PNEUMOCYSTUS
TOXOPLASMOSIS

39
Q

SMX TMP DOSE IS BASED ON WHICH COMPONENT?

A

TMP COMPONENT

40
Q

SMX/TMP FORMULATION RATIO

A

SMX:TMP = 5:1

41
Q

SMX/TMP SS

A

400 MG SMX
80 MG TMP

42
Q

SMX/TMP DS

A

800 MG SMX
160 MG TMP

43
Q

SMX/TMP UTI DOSING

A

1 DS TAB PO BID X 3 DAYS

44
Q

SMX/TMP PCP PROPHYLAXIS DOSING

A

1 DS OR SS DAILY

45
Q

SMX/TMP WARNINGS

A

SULFA ALLERGY
THROMBOCYTPENIC PURPURA (TTP)
G6PD DEFICIENCY (HEMOLYSIS RISK)

46
Q

SMX/TMP SIDE EFFECTS

A

PHOTOSENSITIVITY
↑ K
HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA (POS COOMBS)
CRYSTALLURIA

47
Q

SMX/TMP DDI WITH WARFARIN

A

CAN INCREASE INR
SMX/TMP IS A CYP2C9 INHIBITOR

48
Q

VANCOMYCIN COVERAGE

A

GP BACTERIA (INCLUDING MRSA)
C.DIF (PO VANCO)
NO VRE

49
Q

VANCOMYCIN IS FIRST LINE IN WHICH INFECTIONS?

A

MODERATE-SEVERE SYSTEMIC MRSA INFECTION

50
Q

WHEN SHOULD YOU CONSIDER AN ALTERNATIVE AGENT OF VANCOMYCIN?

A

MRSA MIC ≥ 2

51
Q

VANCOMYCIN IV DOSING FOR SYSTEMIC INFECTION

A

15 - 20 MG/KG Q8-12H

52
Q

VANCOMYCIN DOSING BASED ON WHAT WEIGHT

A

TOTAL BODY WEIGHT

53
Q

WHEN TO RENAL DOSE ADJUST VANCOMYCIN AND TO WHAT ADJUSTMENT?

A

CRCL 20-49
CHANGE TO Q24H

54
Q

VANCOMYCIN C.DIF DOSE

A

125 MG QID X 10 DAYS

55
Q

VANCOMYCIN WARNINGS

A

OTOTOXICITY
NEPHROTOXICITY

56
Q

FOR SERIOUS MRSA INFECTIONS, WHAT ARE THE THERAPEUTIC DRUG LEVEL GOALS FOR VANCOMYCIN?

A

AUC/MIC RATIO 400-600 OR
GOAL TROUGH 15 - 20 MCG/ML (NORMALLY JUST 10-15 MCG/ML)

57
Q

LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDE AGENTS

A

TELAVANCIN
ORITAVANCIN

58
Q

LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDE APPROVED FOR WHAT INDICATIONS

A

TELA: SSTI AND HA-VAP
ORITA: SSTI

59
Q

TELAVANCIN BOXED WARNINGS

A

FETAL RISK
NEPHROTOXICITY (CRCL ≤ 50)

60
Q

LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDE CONTRAINDICATIONS

A

CONCURRENT USE OF IV UFH
ORITA: DONT USE UFH FOR 120H AFTER ORITA ADMIN

CAN INTERFERE WITH aPTT LAB RESULTS

61
Q

LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDE WARNINGS

A

FALSELY ↑ PT/INR AND OTHER COAGULATION TESTS
RED MAN SYNDROME

62
Q

ORITAVANCIN DOSING

A

ONLY A SINGLE DOSE IS NEEDED DUE TO EXTREMELY LONG HALF-LIFE

NAPLEX 2022 (37 decks)

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