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NAPLEX 2022 > Fungal Infections > Flashcards

Fungal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

AMPHOTERICIN B BOXED WARNING

A

MEDICATION ERRORS WITH LIPOSOMAL ALTERNATIVE
CARDIOPULMONARY ARREST
CONVENTIONAL AMPHO DOSE SHOULD NOT EXCEED 1.5 MG/KG/DAY

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2
Q

AMPHOTERICIN B COVERAGE

A

BROAD SPECTRUM
MOST CANDIDAS AND CRYPTOCOCCAL NEROFORMANS
ASPERGILLUS
OTHER DIMORPHIC FUNGI

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3
Q

AMPHOTERICIN B SIDE EFFECTS
(WHAT PREMEDICATION IS USED TO REDUCE REACTIONS?)

A

INFUSION RELATED: FEVERE, CHILLS, HA, MALAISE, RIGORS
OTHER: ↓K, ↓MG, NEPHROTOXICITY
(APAP OR NSAID, DIPHENHYDRAMINE OR HC)

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4
Q

AMPHOTERICIN B PREPARATION NOTES

A

COMPATIBLE WITH D5 W ONLY
LIPID FORMULATIONS MUST BE FILTERED

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5
Q

FLUCYTOSINE (5-FC) COVERAGE

A

DUE TO DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE, CAN NOT BE USED ALONE
COMBO WITH AMPHO B FOR INVASIVE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS AND CANDIDA INFECTIONS

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6
Q

FLUCYTOSINE SIDE EFFECTS

A

MYELOSUPPRESSION

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7
Q

FLUCONAZOLE VAGINAL CANDIDA DOSE

A

150 MG PO X1

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8
Q

FLUCONAZOLE IV:PO RATIO

A

1:1

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9
Q

ITRACONAZOLE BOXED WARNING

A

CAN WORSEN OR CAUSE HF, DO NOT USE IF HX OF HF
CAN ↑ RISK OF QT AND TDP

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10
Q

WHICH AZOLE REQUIRES AN ACIDIC ENVIRONMENT FOR ABSORPTION?

A

FLUCONAZOLE

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11
Q

KETOCONAZOLE BOXED WARNING

A

HEPATOTOXICITY LEADING TO TRANSPLANT OR DEATH
QT PROLONGATIONS
ORAL TABS ONLY IF OTHER OPTIONS UNAVAILALE OR INEFFECTIVE AND BENEFITS > RISK

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12
Q

AZOLE CLASS EFFECTS

A

↑LFT
RISK OF QT PROLONGATION
MANY DRUG INTERACTIONS

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13
Q

WHICH IS THE ONLY AZOLE THAT REQUIRES RENAL DOSE ADJUSTMENT?

A

FLUCONAZOLE

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14
Q

WHICH IS THE ONLY AZOLE WITH RISK OF HEPATOTOXICITY THAT CAN LEAD TO TRANSPLANT OR DEATH

A

KETOCONAZOLE

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15
Q

WHICH AZOLE CAN LEAD TO HF

A

ITRACONAZOLE

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16
Q

WHICH AZOLE CAN CAUSE VISUAL CHANGES AND PHOTOTOXICITY

A

VORICONAZOLE

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17
Q

WHICH AZOLE DOES NOT HAVE EQUIVALENT DOSE BETWEEN PO TABS AND PO SUSPENSIONS

A

POSACONAZOLE

18
Q

BIOAVAILABILITY OF AZOLES

A

ALL HAVE 1:1 IV:PO

19
Q

WHICH AZOLES CAN PENETRATE THE CNS TO ADEQUATELY TREAT FUNGAL MENINGITIS?

A

FLUCONAZOLE
VORICONAZOLE

20
Q

VORICONAZOLE: WHAT SHOULD BE DONE AT CRCL<50

A

THE SBECD IV VEHICLE BUILDS UP
ORAL SHOULD BE USED IF POSSIBLE

21
Q

SHOULD VORICONAZOLE BE TAKEN WITH OR WITHOUT FOOD?

A

EMPTY STOMACH

22
Q

POSACONAZOLE WITH OR WITHOUT FOOD

A

WITH FOOD

23
Q

WHICH AZOLE CAN ACTUALLY CAUSE QT SHORTENING

A

ISAVUCONAZONIUM SULFATE

24
Q

ECHINOCANDIN AGENTS

A

CASPOFUNGIN
MICAFUNGIN

25
Q

ECHINOCANDIN MOA

A

INHIBIT SYNTHESIS OF BETA-D-GLUCAN

26
Q

AZOLE COVERAGE

A

VARY BETWEEN AGENTS
- FLUCONAZOLE = YEAST AND ONCHOMYCOSIS
- ITRACONAZOLE = DIMORPHIC FUNGI AND ONCHOMYCOSIS
- VORICONAZOLE = ASPERIGILLUS
- KETOCONAZOLE = TOPICAL INFECTIONS

27
Q

ECHINOCANDIN COVERAGE

A

MOST CANDIDA SPECIES
ALSO COVERS ASPERGILLUS, BUT OTHER CLASSES ARE TYPICALLY PREFERRED

28
Q

ECHINOCANDIN CLASS WARNING

A

HISTAMINE-MEDIATED SYMPTOMS CAN OCCUR RESULTING IN ANAPHYLAXIS

29
Q

ECHINOCANDIN DOSING

A

ALL ONCE DAILY AND DO NOT REQUIRE DOSE ADJUSTMENT IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT

30
Q

NYSTATIN COMMON USES

A

ORAL CANDIDIASIS
INTESTINAL INFECTIONS

31
Q

GRISEOFULVIN COMMON USE

A

FUNGAL INFECTIONS OF SKIN, HAIR AND NAIL

32
Q

GRISEOFULVIN CONTRAINDICATION

A

PREGNANCY

33
Q

GRISEOFULVIN SIDE EFFECTS

A

PHOTOSENSITIVITY
↑LFT

34
Q

GRISEOFULVIN ADMINISTRATION

A

WITH FATTY MEAL TO ↑ ABSORPTION OR
FOOD/MILK TO AVOID GI UPSET

35
Q

CLOTRIAZOLE COMMON USE

A

OROPHARYNGEAL CANDIDIASIS

36
Q

MICONAZOLE COMMON USE

A

OROPHARYNGEAL CANDIDIASIS

37
Q

EMPIRIC TREATMENT FOR OROPHAYNGEAL CANDIDA ALBICANS

A

MILD: TOPICAL SUCH AS CLOTRIMAZOLE OR MICONAZOLE
MOD-SEV OR HIV+: FLUCONAZOLE

38
Q

EMPIRIC TREATMENT FOR CANDIDA ALBICANS ESOPHAGEAL

A

FLUCONAZOLE
ALT: ECHINOCANDIN

39
Q

EMPIRIC TREATMENT FOR ALL CANDIDA BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS

A

ECHINOCANDIN
ALT: AMPHO B

40
Q

EMPIRIC TREATMENT FOR INVASIVE ASPERGILLUS

A

VORICONAZOLE
ALT: AMPHO, ISAVUCONAZONIUM

41
Q

EMPIRIC TREATMENT FOR CRYPTOCOCCUS MENINGITIS

A

AMPHO + FLUCYTOSINE

42
Q

EMPIRIC TREATMENT FOR NAIL BED INFECTIONS

A

TERBINAFINE OR ITRACONAZOLE
ALF: FLUCONAZOLE

NAPLEX 2022 (37 decks)

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