Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NAPLEX 2022 > BREAST, PROSTATE CANCER > Flashcards

BREAST, PROSTATE CANCER Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT ROLE DO THE BRCA GENES PLAY NORMALLY AND IN CANCER?

A

NORMALLY SUPPRESS TUMOR GROWTH
MUTATIONS WILL PREVENT CELL REPAIR AND INCREASE BREAST CANCER INCIDENCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

WHAT IS THE MARKER THAT IS TARGETED IN BREAST CANCER TREATMENT

A

HER2/NEU RECEPTOR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

HOW LONG ARE HORMONE-SENSITIVE CANCERS TYPICALLY TREATED FOR

A

5-10 YEARS TO SUPPRESS CANCER RECURRENCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

WHAT DETERMINES THE DECISION OF HORMONE TREATMENT

A

MENOPAUSAL STATUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

FOR HORMONE SENSITIVE CANCERS, WHAT IS USED FOR PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN VS POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN AND WHY?

A

POST MENOPAUSE - AROMATASE INHIBITORS SINCE MOST ESTROGEN IS MADE FROM CONVERSION OF ANDROGENS. THIS WOULD NOT BE EFFECTIVE IN PREMENOPAUSAL SINCE MOST ESTROGEN PRODUCTION IS FROM THE OVARIES.
PREMENOPAUSE - TAMOXIFEN WHICH BINDS TO ESTROGEN RECEPTORS ON TUMORS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR (SERM) AGENT

A

TAMOXIFEN, RALOXIFENE
ESTROGEN ANTAGONIST

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

AROMATASE INHIBITORS

A

ANASTRAZOLE
PREVENT THE CONVERSION OF ANDROGENS TO ESTROGENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

WHY WOULD A PATIENT BE PUT ON GnRH AGONSTS?

A

WILL PUT A PREMENOPAUSAL WOMAN INTO MENOPAUSE TO SUPPRESS OVARIAN E2 PRODUCTION, MAKING AROMATASE INHIBITORS A REASONABLE TREATMENT OPTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

WHICH CHEMO AGENTS ARE THE PREFERRED IN COMBINATION WITH HORMONE TREATMENT FOR METASTATIC BREAST CANCER

A

CDK4/6 INHIBITORS
mTOR INHIBITOR EVEROLIMUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TAMOXIFEN IS A PRODRUG CONVERTED BY WHICH ENZYME?

A

CYP2D6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TAMOXIFEN SIDE EFFECTS

A

HOT FLASHES/NIGHT SWEATS, VAGINAL BLEEDING/SPOTTING, DISCHARGE/DRYNESS/PRURITUS, ↓ LIBIDO
↓BONE DENSITY IN PREMENOPAUSE WOMEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TAMOXIFENE CAN CAUSE HOT FLASHES AND NIGHT SWEATS. HOW IS THIS MANAGED?

A

CANNOT USE ESTROGENS (NORMAL THERAPY)
CANNOT USE FLUOXETINE OR PAROXETINE SINCE CYP2D6 INHIBITORS
VENLAFAXINE IS THE PREFERRED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

WHEN IS RALOXIFENE USED?

A

BREAST CANCER PROPHYLAXIS
ALSO INCREASES BONE DENSITY AND IS INDICATED FOR OSTEOPOROSIS PREVENTION AND TREATMENT IN SELECT POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN WHO ALSO NEED BREAST CANCER PREVENTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

SERM BOXED WARNINGS

A

RISK OF UTERINE OR ENDOMETRIAL CANCER
THROMBOEMBOLIC EVENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

FULVESTRANT, WHAT IS THIS?

A

SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR DEGRADER (SERD)
AN OPTION WHEN SERM CANNOT BE USED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

FULVESTRANT FORMULATION

A

IM INJECTION

17
Q

FULVESTRANT SIDE EFFECTS

A

↑LFT
INJECTION SITE PAIN
HOT FLASHES

18
Q

ANASTRAZOLE CONCERNS

A

HIGHER RISK OF OSTEOPOROSIS
HIGHER CVD RISK COMPARED TO SERMS

19
Q

ANASTRAZOLE CONTRAINDICATION

A

PREGNANCY

20
Q

ANASTRAZOLE SIDE EFFECTS

A

HOT FLASHES/NIGHT SWEATS
ARTHRALGIA/MYALGIAS

21
Q

CDK4/6 INHIBITORS

A

PALBOCICLIB
ABEMACICLIB
RIBOCICLIB

22
Q

WHAT IS PRODUCED AT INCREASED LEVELS IN PROSTATE CANCER

A

PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (PSA)

23
Q

WHAT IS THE HORMONAL THERAPY IN PROSTATE CANCER

A

TESTOSTERONE AND ACTIVE METABOLITE DHT

24
Q

WHAT IS THE HORMONAL TREATMENT IN PROSTATE CANCER CALLED?

A

ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY (ADT) OR
CHEMICAL CASTRATION

25
Q

WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ADT

A

IMPOTENCE
WEAKNESS
HOT FLASES
LOSS OF BONE DENSITY

26
Q

WHAT AGENTS ARE USED IN ADT

A

GnRH ANTAGONIST ALONE OR
GnRH AGONIST WITH AN ANTIANDROGEN

27
Q

HOW DO GnRH AGONISTS WORK IN PROSTATE CANCER?

A

WORK BY USING THE NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP
↑ LHRH/GnRH WHICH WILL INITIALLY ↑TESTOSTERONE, THEN WILL ↓TESTOERONE
INITIAL SURGE CAN CAUSE A TUMOR FLARE, SO AN ANTIANDROGEN IS GIVEN TO PREVENT THE FLARE

28
Q

GnRH AGONIST AGENTS

A

LEUPROLIDE
GOSRELIN

29
Q

GnRH AGONIST CONCERNS

A

↓BONE DENSITY; SHOULD SUPPLEMENT WITH CA/VIT D

30
Q

GnRH AGONIST SIDE EFFECTS

A

HOT FLASHES
IMPOTENCE
GYNECOMASTIA
BONE PAIN

31
Q

GnRH ANTAGONIST MOA

A

↓GnRH/LHRH = ↓TESTOSTERONE WITHOUT THE INITIAL SURGE

32
Q

GnRH ANTAGONIST AGENTS

A

DEGARELIX
RELUGOLIX

33
Q

GnRH CONCRENS

A

OSTEOPOROSIS RISK

34
Q

ANTIANDROGEN 1ST GEN AGENTS

A

BICALUTAMIDE
FLUTAMIDE
NILUTAMIDE

35
Q

ANTIANDROGEN 2ND GEN AGENTS

A

APALUTAMIDE
DAROLUTAMIDE
ENZALUTAMIDE

36
Q

ANDROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITOR MOA

A

INTERFERES WITH SPECIFIC CYP ENZYMES INVOLVED IN STEROID SYNTHESIS IN THE TESTES TO ↓TESTOSTERONE PRODUCTION

37
Q

COMMON CHEMO REGIMEN FOR BREAST CANCER

A

AC REGIMEN
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE + ANTHRACYCLINE (DOXARUBICIN)

NAPLEX 2022 (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions