Infection Control (ATI) Flashcards
What type of hand lotion/hand-based product affects the permeability of latex gloves?
petroleum-based hand lotion
What is an advantage of using alcohol-based gel?
it takes less time to use than washing with soap and water
After completing a procedure that required donning personal protective equipment (PPE) consisting of a gown, an N95 respirator, a face shield, and gloves, which of the following should the nurse remove first when removing PPE separately?
the gloves
gloves are considered the most contaminated and should be removed first
gloves, face/eye protect., gown, and mask/respirator
What is defined as the invasion and proliferation of micro-organisms in body tissue and has the potential to affect nearly every system?
infection
What is the intent of standard precautions as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?
to reduce the risk of transmission of micro-organisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection in health care settings
When washing your hands, to avoid contamination of the arms, what should you do?
- point fingers down and rub hands in a circular motion (starting with fingers and moving towards wrist)
- rinse your hands with fingers pointing down
What refers to both handwashing iwth an antimicrobial or plain soap and water as well as alcohol-based products such as gels, foams, and rinses?
hand hygiene
Gloves are classified as clean or sterile.
What are sterile gloves usually used for?
sterile procedures
Gloves are classified as clean or sterile.
What are clean gloves usually used for?
most other procedures that are not sterile but require protection from
* blood
* body fluids
* other contaminated items
When removing person protective equipment (PPE), what should you always avoid doing?
touching the contaminated side/surface of the PPE
What are the two tiers of CDC precautions to prevent transmission of infectious agents?
- standard precaution
- transmission-based precaution
What type of CDC precaution is applied to the care of all clients in all health care stettings, regardless of suspected or confirmed presence of an infectious agent?
standard precaution
What type of CDC precaution is used with blood, blood products, body fluids, secretions, excretions (except sweat), nonintact skin, and mucous membranes?
standard precaution
What type of CDC precaution is based on the mode of transmission of a disease?
transmission-based precaution
What are the three types of transmission-based precautions, as classified by the CDC?
- contact precautions
- droplet precautions
- airborne precautions
What kind of contact refers to the care and handling of contaminated body fluids?
direct [contact]
What kind of contact refers to the transfer of an infectious organism through a contaminated intermediate object, such as contaminated instruments or hands of health care workers?
indirect [contact]
What type of personal protective equipment (PPE) has to be used for contact precautions?
- gloves
- gowns
There are three types of transmission-based precautions.
What type of transmission-based precaution is used when a disease is transmitted by large droplets expelled into the air and travels 3 to 6 feet from the client?
droplet precaution
There are three types of transmission-based precautions.
What type of transmission-based precaution is used with clients who have diseases that are transmitted by smaller droplets and remain airborne for longer periods of time?
airborne precaution
What type of personal protective equipment (PPE) has to be used for droplet precautions?
- surgical mask (within 3 ft of patient)
What type of personal protective equipment (PPE) has to be used for airborne precautions?
- N95 respirator (or other facility-specified respirator)
What kind of environment is desgined for clients who have undergone transplatns and gene therapy?
protective environment
What does protective environments reduce the risk of?
environmental fungal infections
Where should sharp instruments such as needles, syringes, and scalpels be disposed?
puncture-resistant container
How should blood, body fluids, suctioned fluids, and excretions be disposed of?
flushing them into the sewage systme or per agency protocol
(be wary of it spalshing)
How should linens soiled with blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions be disposed/transported?
in a leak-resistant bag
* avoid holding them near you or shaking them
* avoid placing linens on the floor
How should other specimens that do not fall under blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, needles, syringes, and scapels, be disposed of?
put other specimens in a plastic bag labeled “biohazard” before transporting
How long can fingernails be?
no more than 1/4 inch past the nail bed
* no artifical nails
Why are artifical nails not acceptable in health care facilities?
wearing artifical nails carry more pathogens compared to other health care workers who do not wear them
How far can a virus-laden droplet travel and still be a potential source of infection?
up to 3 ft. in any direction and still be infectious
How long can influenza viruses survive outside a host?
(at room temperature, with moderate humidity,) can live up to:
* 24-48 hrs on steel and plastic
* 8-12 hrs on cloth and facial tissues
Is documentation required for infection control?
yes! gloves and control measures used have to be documented along with what type of isolation protocol is in place
