Infection Control (ATI)

Question 1

What type of hand lotion/hand-based product affects the permeability of latex gloves?

Answer 1

petroleum-based hand lotion

Question 2

What is an advantage of using alcohol-based gel?

Answer 2

it takes less time to use than washing with soap and water

Question 3

After completing a procedure that required donning personal protective equipment (PPE) consisting of a gown, an N95 respirator, a face shield, and gloves, which of the following should the nurse remove first when removing PPE separately?

Answer 3

the gloves

gloves are considered the most contaminated and should be removed first

gloves, face/eye protect., gown, and mask/respirator

Question 4

What is defined as the invasion and proliferation of micro-organisms in body tissue and has the potential to affect nearly every system?

Answer 4

infection

Question 5

What is the intent of standard precautions as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?

Answer 5

to reduce the risk of transmission of micro-organisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection in health care settings

Question 6

When washing your hands, to avoid contamination of the arms, what should you do?

Answer 6

• point fingers down and rub hands in a circular motion (starting with fingers and moving towards wrist)
• rinse your hands with fingers pointing down

Question 7

What refers to both handwashing iwth an antimicrobial or plain soap and water as well as alcohol-based products such as gels, foams, and rinses?

Answer 7

hand hygiene

Question 8

Gloves are classified as clean or sterile.

What are sterile gloves usually used for?

Answer 8

sterile procedures

Question 9

Gloves are classified as clean or sterile.

What are clean gloves usually used for?

Answer 9

most other procedures that are not sterile but require protection from
* blood
* body fluids
* other contaminated items

Question 10

When removing person protective equipment (PPE), what should you always avoid doing?

Answer 10

touching the contaminated side/surface of the PPE

Question 11

What are the two tiers of CDC precautions to prevent transmission of infectious agents?

Answer 11

• standard precaution
• transmission-based precaution

Question 12

What type of CDC precaution is applied to the care of all clients in all health care stettings, regardless of suspected or confirmed presence of an infectious agent?

Answer 12

standard precaution

Question 13

What type of CDC precaution is used with blood, blood products, body fluids, secretions, excretions (except sweat), nonintact skin, and mucous membranes?

Answer 13

standard precaution

Question 14

What type of CDC precaution is based on the mode of transmission of a disease?

Answer 14

transmission-based precaution

Question 15

What are the three types of transmission-based precautions, as classified by the CDC?

Answer 15

• contact precautions
• droplet precautions
• airborne precautions

Question 16

What kind of contact refers to the care and handling of contaminated body fluids?

Answer 16

direct [contact]

Question 17

What kind of contact refers to the transfer of an infectious organism through a contaminated intermediate object, such as contaminated instruments or hands of health care workers?

Answer 17

indirect [contact]

Question 18

What type of personal protective equipment (PPE) has to be used for contact precautions?

Answer 18

• gloves
• gowns

Question 19

There are three types of transmission-based precautions.

What type of transmission-based precaution is used when a disease is transmitted by large droplets expelled into the air and travels 3 to 6 feet from the client?

Answer 19

droplet precaution

Question 20

There are three types of transmission-based precautions.

What type of transmission-based precaution is used with clients who have diseases that are transmitted by smaller droplets and remain airborne for longer periods of time?

Answer 20

airborne precaution

Question 20

What type of personal protective equipment (PPE) has to be used for droplet precautions?

Answer 20

• surgical mask (within 3 ft of patient)

Question 21

What type of personal protective equipment (PPE) has to be used for airborne precautions?

Answer 21

• N95 respirator (or other facility-specified respirator)

Question 22

What kind of environment is desgined for clients who have undergone transplatns and gene therapy?

Answer 22

protective environment

Question 23

What does protective environments reduce the risk of?

Answer 23

environmental fungal infections

Question 24

Where should sharp instruments such as needles, syringes, and scalpels be disposed?

Answer 24

puncture-resistant container

Question 25

How should blood, body fluids, suctioned fluids, and excretions be disposed of?

Answer 25

flushing them into the sewage systme or per agency protocol
(be wary of it spalshing)

Question 26

How should linens soiled with blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions be disposed/transported?

Answer 26

in a leak-resistant bag
* avoid holding them near you or shaking them
* avoid placing linens on the floor

Question 27

How should other specimens that do not fall under blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, needles, syringes, and scapels, be disposed of?

Answer 27

put other specimens in a plastic bag labeled “biohazard” before transporting

Question 28

How long can fingernails be?

Answer 28

no more than 1/4 inch past the nail bed
* no artifical nails

Question 29

Why are artifical nails not acceptable in health care facilities?

Answer 29

wearing artifical nails carry more pathogens compared to other health care workers who do not wear them

Question 30

How far can a virus-laden droplet travel and still be a potential source of infection?

Answer 30

up to 3 ft. in any direction and still be infectious

Question 31

How long can influenza viruses survive outside a host?

Answer 31

(at room temperature, with moderate humidity,) can live up to:
* 24-48 hrs on steel and plastic
* 8-12 hrs on cloth and facial tissues

Question 32

Is documentation required for infection control?

Answer 32

yes! gloves and control measures used have to be documented along with what type of isolation protocol is in place