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Health Assessment (NRSE-210) > Ch. 15 (Assessment of Eyes) > Flashcards

Ch. 15 (Assessment of Eyes) Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the external eye anatomy is a transparent protective covering that lines the eye?

A

conjunctiva

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2
Q

What part of the external eye anatomy helps directs the eyes as a pair?

A

extraocular muscles

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3
Q

What cranial nerves are responsible for extraocular muscles?

A
  • CN III
  • CN IV
  • CN VI
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4
Q

When bright line is shone into the eye, what does the pupil do?

A

constricts

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5
Q

What cranial nerve is responsible for the pupil constricting?

A

CN III

tested via pupillary light reflex

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6
Q

What do you see when you look through the opthalmoscope?

A

the fundus of the eye

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7
Q

What part of the fundus in the eye contains fibers from the retina that converge together to form the optic nerve?

A

optic disc

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8
Q

When looking into an opthalmoscope, the optic disc in the right eye will be where in the fundus?

A

nasal side (left)

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9
Q

When looking into an opthalmoscope, the optic disc in the left eye will be where in the fundus?

A

nasal side (right)

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10
Q

Where do we have our most central focused vision in the eye?

A

the macula

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11
Q

Where is the macula located?

A

temporal side of the fundus

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12
Q

When one eye ellicits the pupillary light reflex, what causes the other eye to also constrict?

A

consensual light reflex

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13
Q

What causes the eye to adapt for near vision?

A

accomodation

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14
Q

What kind of subjective data do we collect during a health history on the eye?

A
  • vision difficulty
  • pain (usually needs to be referred right away if its sudden)
  • strabismus/diplopia (double vision)
  • redness/swelling
  • watering/discharge
  • previous hx eye problems
  • glaucoma
  • use of glasses/contacts
  • self care behaviors
  • meds
  • coping mechanism from vision loss
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15
Q

How can vision change during aging as an adult?

A
  • glaucoma (lose peripheral vision, halos)
  • cataracts (foggy)
  • macular degeneration (central vision)
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16
Q

When assessing central visual acuity during examination of the eye, what test do we perform?

A

snellen

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17
Q

When performing the snellen on a patient, what should you note?

A

the last successful line the patient can read wiht >50% accuracy

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18
Q

How do you interpret snellen results?

A

the greater the denominator, the worse the vision

19
Q

When recording snellen results in the chart, what would you write down?

A

The patient can see at __numerator__ what someone with normal vision can see at __denominator__.

20
Q

When recording snellen results in the chart, what would you write down if their results are 20/200?

A

The patient can see at 20 what someone with normal vision can see at 200.

21
Q

When a patient has a decrease power of lens due to accommodation with aging, what would that be called?

A

presbyopia

22
Q

How do you test near vision in a patient?

A

have them hold a vision screener or newspaper

23
Q

What kind of test takes gross measurements of perpherial visions?

A

confrontation test

24
Q

What type of extraocular movement test checks the parallel alignment of the eye axis?

A

corneal light reflex

25
Q

What type of extraocular movement test would you require the patient to cover one of their eyes?

A

cover test

26
Q

What type of extraocular movement test checks the strength of extraocular eye muscles from your patient following your fingers as they move?

A

diagnostic positions test

27
Q

When inspecting the external ocular structures, what characteristics do you inspect?

A
  • eyebrows
  • eyelids/lashes
  • eyeballs
  • conjunctiva and sclera (white)
  • lacrimal apparatus (no fluids should secrete)
28
Q

What type of eyelid abnormality causes swollen, puffy lids?

A

periorbital edema

allergies, crying, infection

29
Q

What type of eyelid abnormality causes protruding eyeballs with lid lag?

A

exopthalmos

associated with hyperthyroidism

30
Q

What type of eyelid abnormality causes sunken, recessed eyeballs, dehyration and wasting?

A

enopthalmos

31
Q

(Dr. Christensen likes to use this)

What type of eyelid abnormality causes drooping in the upper lid and neuromascular weakness?

A

ptosis

32
Q

What type of eyelid abnormality causes lower lid folds out?

A

ectropion

usually normal with aging

33
Q

What type of eyelid abnormality causes the lower lid to roll in on itself?

A

entropion

34
Q

What type of lesion on the eyelid causes inflammation, crusting, scaling?

A

blepharitis

35
Q

What type of eyelid abnormality causes inflammation in the lacrimal sac and purulent discharge?

A

dacryocystitis

36
Q

Dr. Christensen also loves this vs chalazion

What type of lesion on the eyelid causes a painful, tender lump on the eyelid from an infection?

A

hordeolum (sty)

37
Q

What type of lesion on the eyelid is a result of a sterile, blocked gland that isnt infected which also causes a lump?

A

chalazion

38
Q

What type of vascular disorder of the external eye causes itching, burning, goopiness, and beefy red pigmentation of the conjunctiva?

A

conjunctivitis (pink eye)

39
Q

When inspecting the anterior eyeball structures, what characteristics do you inspect?

A
  • cornea and lens
  • iris and pupil (equal in size, and round): pupillary light reflex and accommodation
40
Q

What do you write down in your chart when patients have normal results for all eye testing?

A

PERRLA

41
Q

What type of pupil abnormality causes the pupils to be different sizes?

A

anisocoria

42
Q

What type of pupil abnormality causes the pupils to be abnormally dilated or larger than normal?

A

mydriasis

43
Q

What type of pupil abnormality causes the pupils to be constricted or abnormally small?

A

miosis

Health Assessment (NRSE-210) (22 decks)

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