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Health Assessment (NRSE-210) > Ch. 16 (Assessment of Ears) > Flashcards

Ch. 16 (Assessment of Ears) Flashcards

1
Q

What separates the external and middle ear?

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

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2
Q

What does the tympanic membrane look like?

A

pearly gray/transparent color

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3
Q

What are the three ear bones in the middle ear?

A
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
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4
Q

What are the three functions of the middle ear?

A
  • conducts sound vibrations from outer ear
  • protects inner ear (reduces amplitude)
  • eustachian tube allows equalization of air pressure on each side of TM
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5
Q

Where does air conduction occur in the ear?

A
  • external ear
  • middle ear
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6
Q

Where does bone conduction occur in the ear?

A
  • inner ear
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7
Q

Which kind of conduction is more effective in transmitting hearing?
* bone conduction
* air conduction

A

air conduction

air conduction is greater than bone conduction

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8
Q

What kind of hearing loss is a result of mechanical dysfunction of the external and middle ear?

A

conductive loss

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9
Q

How does bone conduction work?

A
  • bones of skull vibrate
  • vibrations transmitted directly to inner ear
  • controlled by CN VIII
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10
Q

What are different types of conductive loss?

A
  • impact wax
  • foriegn body
  • ruptured eardrum
  • ear infection/otitis
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11
Q

What type of hear loss is a result of stagnation in mobility in the osicles (in external & middle ear)?

A

otosclerosis

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12
Q

What type of hearing loss is a result of damage in the pathology of the inner ear, CN VIII, or cerebral cortex?

A

sensorineural loss

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13
Q

What type of hearing loss is a result of the cranial nerve VIII degenerating?

A

presbycusis

type of hearing loss as a result to aging

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14
Q

What type of hearing loss is associated with aging?

A

presbycusis

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15
Q

What happens when the labyrinth of the inner ear is inflamed?

A

vertigo

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16
Q

What does the labyrinth do in the inner ear?

A

helps with equilibrium (sense of balance)

17
Q

What type of subjective data do we collect during the health history relative to the ear?

A
  • earache
  • infections
  • discharge
  • hearing loss (gradual, sudden)
  • environmental noise
  • tinnitus (ringing)
  • vertigo
  • self care behaviors (hearing checks, how do you clean your ears?)
18
Q

What equipment is needed when taking objective data relative to the ear?

A
  • otoscope
19
Q

Why do infants have more ear infections than adults?

A

positioning of their eustachian tube (horizontal instead of sloped-adult)

20
Q

What characteristics do you inspect and palpate during a physical exam for the ear?

A
  • size/shape
  • skin condition
  • tenderness
  • external auditory meatus
21
Q

How do you inspect a patient’s tympanic membrane/ear during a physical exam using an otoscope?

A
  1. tilt patient’s head away from you
  2. pull pinna up and back and hold (straightens canal for better inspection) [down and back in infants]
  3. hold otoscope upside down with hand braced against their cheek
  4. insert speculum of otoscope towards the nose (while still upside down)
22
Q

Where does the cone of light shine to in the right ear?

A

5 o’clock

23
Q

Where does the cone of light shine to in the left ear?

A

7 o’clock

24
Q

When using the otoscope and inspecting the inner ear, what do you inspect?

A
  • external canal
  • tympanic membrane (preforated, color)
25
Q

What kind of test involves vocalizing two letters and a number to a patient behind them?

A

voice test

26
Q

What type of abnormaliy of ear causes inflammation of the external ear such as swimmers ear?

A

otitis externa

27
Q

What type of lump of the external ear causes painless tiny nodules in the helix of the ear?

A

darwin tubercle

28
Q

What type of lump of the external ear causes small white nodules on the helix of the external ear, resulting in uric acid increase in the body?

A

tophi

29
Q

What type of lump of the external ear is heavily associated with the company of gout?

A

tophi

30
Q

What type of lesion of the external ear causes red painful nodules of rim of the ear as result of frequent sun exposure or consistent pressure?

A

chondrodermatitis

31
Q

What type of lump of the external ear causes a scar that has hyertrophy/increase in size?

A

keloid

32
Q

What type of lesion of the external ear causes sore that wont heal, bleeds on and off?

A

carcinoma

33
Q

What type of abnormality of the ear canal is a round boxy ball of wax that blocks the ear canal?

A

excessive cerumen

34
Q

What type of abnormality of the ear canal causes swelling of the canal, inflammation and tenderness?

A

otitis externa

35
Q

What type of abnormality of the tympanic membrane causes bulging from the accumulation of pus, and redness from inflammation in the middle ear, usually due to some sort of infection?

A

acute otitis media

36
Q

What type of abnormality of the tympanic membrane causes a hole in the eardrum from untreated infections or trauma that causes drainage?

A

perforation

Health Assessment (NRSE-210) (22 decks)

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