Ch. 23 (Musculoskeletal System) Flashcards
What provides protection, production of RBCs and storage for calcium and phosphorus?
bone
What makes up the musculoskeletal system?
- bones
- joints
- muscles
What describes the union of two or more bones?
joints
What kind of joints have a cavity with lubricant that helps with smooth mobility?
synovial joints
What kind of joints have bones that are united by tissues and are not mobile?
non-synovial joints
What attaches bone to bone and strengthen the joints?
ligaments
What helps decrease friction in high friction area?
bursa
What kinds of muscles are voluntary and conscious?
skeletal muscles
What attaches muscles to bone?
tendons
There are many different kinds of skeletal muscle movements.
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides bending a limb at a joint?
flexion
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides straightening a limb at a joint?
extension
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides moving a limb away from the midline of the body?
abduction
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides moving a limb toward the midline of the body?
adduction
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides turning the forearm to position the palm facing down?
pronation
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides turning hte forearm to position the palm facing up?
supination
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides moving the arm in circles around the shoulder?
circumduction
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides moving sole of foot inward at the ankle?
inversion
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides moving sole of foot outward at the ankle?
eversion
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides moving the head aruond in a circle aruodn the shoulders?
rotation
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground?
protraction
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground?
retraction
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides raising a body part?
elevation
What kind of skeletal muscle movement provides lowering a body part?
depression
What condition is classified as a loss of bone that happens rapidly?
osteoporosis
What increases the risk of osteoporosis?
- lack of vitamin D/lack of nutrients
- women (especially after menopause)
- old age
- sedentary life
- smoking & alcohol
- someone who is thin
- caucasians
What physical activity can help prevent osteoporosis?
weight bearing exercises
What can physical activity can help relieve arthritis?
swimming
What arthritis condition is caused by an autoimmune response and is symmetrical pain?
rheumatoid arthritis
What condition is classified as pain in joints isnt used, the pain gets worst (usually in the morning)
rheumatoid arthritis
can happen at any age
What arthritis condition is caused by mechanical overuse?
osteoarthritis
What condition causes pain the more the joint is used(usually at night)?
osteoarthritis
more common with people at older age
What arthritis condition prompts hard, nontender, non-inflammatory nodules?
osteoarthritis
When grading muscles, a healthy individual (good muscle strength against resistance) will be rated where on the grading scale?
5
What movement describes bending of the torso and neck to the side which can help release muscles responsible for some back problems?
lateral bending
What movement describes a circular motion of a bone around its longitudinal axis?
rotational bending
What abnormality causes inflammation in the bursa?
olecranon bursitis
What abnormality causes numbness in the hands and pain in the wrists?
carpel tunnel syndrome
What test do you perform when you suspect a pt has carpel tunnel syndrome?
phalen test
What abnormality causes a fluid-filled cyst that appears at the wrist?
ganglion cyst
(it can go away on its own)
famous (mal)treated with slamming a a book on the cyst
What abnormality is caused by a build of uric acid that builds up in the joints and is usually shown in a distal joint and the great toe?
gout
older men who are olderweight are at high risk
What abnormality causes a curvature in the spine?
scoliosis
more common in girls, caused by rapid growth spurt and hormones
