Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Micro Boards > Infection Control and Prevention > Flashcards

Infection Control and Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 ways to reduce pathogens

A

pasteurization
sterilization
disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what uses heat or chemicals to destroy all life - viruses, bacteria, and spores

A

sterilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what exposes milk to progressively higher temperatures

A

pasteurization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what uses chemicals to destroy most pathogens but spores may remain

A

disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the 7 steps to water purification

A 
filtration 
flocculation
sedimentation 
sand filtration 
sludge digestion 
aeration 
chlorination

flouridation - not part of purifcation but maybe added at the end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what step allows water to pass through the material with pores of different sizes

A

filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what step adds aluminum which causes precipitation of certain materials

A

flocculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what step allows precipitate to settle out

A

sedimentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what step allows water to pass through the sand which removes the anaerobic bacteria

A

sand filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what step adds anaerobic bacteria

A

sludge digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what step bubbles oxygen through water to kill the anaerobic bacteria

A

aeration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what step adds chlorine which kills all remaining bacteria

A

chlorination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what agency takes care of meat and milk inspection

A

department of agriculture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what agency takes care of quality of drugs, cosmetics, food, advertising of health products

A

food and drug administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what agency does disease surveillance and restaurant inspections

A

public health department

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what agency takes care of our water and air quality

A

environmental detection agency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what agency inspects the quality of dairy products

A

united states dairy association

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what agency inspects workplace safety and handling of hazards materials

A

occupational safety health administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what agency provides epidemiological research and primarily deals with health stats

A

center of disease control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what agency oversees health care to the underserved or people of lower socioeconomics

A

health services administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what agency oversees majority of disease research and provides funding for research

A

national institute of health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the study of causes, distribution, and control of diseases in a population

A

epidemiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the number of new cases in a population in a given time

A

incidence

24
Q

what is the number of people with the disease at a given time

A

prevalence

25
Q

what is the number of people who died from a particular disease

A

mortality

26
Q

what is the number of people who have a particular disease

A

morbidity

27
Q

what is an estimate as to how long the general population will live

A

life expectancy

28
Q

what is a sudden increase in the number of disease locally

A

epidemic

29
Q

what is the NORMAL occurrence of disease in a particular location

A

endemic

30
Q

what is a sudden increase in the number of disease worldwide

A

pandemic

31
Q

what is a disease that has newly appeared

A

emerging disease

32
Q

what is a disease that has existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence

A

re-emerging disease

33
Q

what are examples of emerging diseases

A

Hantavirus - pulmonary syndrome

HIV/AIDS

H1N1 swine flu

Ebola

Lassa fever

Lyme disease - borrelia burgdorferi

SARS - coronavirus

34
Q

what are examples of re-emerging diseases

A

Multi drug resistant tuberculosis

methicilin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

35
Q

what is a international health agency

A

world health organization

36
Q

what is an increase in disease in a large number of cases in particular population

A

epidemic

37
Q

what is a disease that occurs regularly in a population

A

endemic

38
Q

what is an outbreak of disease over a wide georgraphical area

A

pandemic

39
Q

what are two types of epidemiological studies

A

descriptive - who where when

analytical - observation and experiment aka cohort and case control studies

40
Q

what are the different types of prevention

A

primary - prevent disease from happening in first place

secondary - early detection and treatment

tertiary - prevent further complication and mobidity

41
Q

what are types of direct transmission

indirect transmission

A

direct - touching, sex, biting, droplets, sneezing and coughing

indirect - airborne aerosols or droplet nuclei, vehicle borne (fomites), vector borne (mosquitos, ticks)

42
Q

what is the process of reducing the number of microbes so that the possibility of infection is reduced

A

sanitization

43
Q

what is growth of unwanted microbes or presence of microbial toxins in blood and tissues

A

sepsis

44
Q

what is the practice to prevent the entry of infection into sterile tissues

A

asepsis

45
Q

what is the practice of applying chemical agents to exposed body surfaces, wounds, and surgical incisions to destro and inhibit vegetative pathogens

A

antisepsis

46
Q

what are the methods of cleaning using moist heat

A

sterilization - autclave and tyndallization

disinfection - boiling water and pasteurization

47
Q

what is autoclave

A

steam under pressure

48
Q

which agency is in charge of research

which is in charge of stats

A

research - NIH

stats - CDC

49
Q

what are the different methods of pasteurization

A

holding/batch method - 145/56 - 30 min
flash/continuous - 161-65 - 15 sec
ultrahigh - 191-90 - 2-5 sec
sterilization/autoclave - 274/121 - 15 min

50
Q

what is autoclave and sterilization

what does it do

what doesnt it do

A

steam heat under pressure

denatures membranes

ineffective against prions

51
Q

what agency is part of US health services department of navy

A

CDC

52
Q

where is us health services department of the navy located

A

atlanta georgia

53
Q

what agency controls the FDA, CDC, and USPHS us public health services

A

department of health and human services

HHS

54
Q

where is the national institute of health located

A

betheseda, maryland

55
Q

what are leading causes of death in infants adults and worldwide deaths

A

infants -

  1. congenital malformations
  2. prematurity

adults -

  1. heart dz
  2. cancer
  3. stroke
  4. respiratory infection
  5. accidents

worldwide -

  1. TB
  2. Malaria
56
Q

what are the first 4 steps of the water purification process considered

A

primary sewage treatment

rest is secondary

Med Micro Boards (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions