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Med Micro Boards > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 dermatophyte fungal organisms

what do they require to grow

A

trichophyton

microsporum

epidermophyton floccosum

tinea

require keratin*

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2
Q

what is the reservoir for microsporum

A

pets

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3
Q

what dermatophyte has a pet as a reservoir

A

microsporum

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4
Q

what regions are affected by the dermatophte tinea

A

RINGWORM

capitis - head or scalp 
barbae - beard  
corporis - body 
cruris - groin - "jock itch"
pedis - feet - "athletes foot"  
manum - hand 
unguium - nail
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5
Q

what is the most common dermatophyte that causes athletes foot

A

trichophyton rubrum

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6
Q

what is the most common dermatophyte located on the head

A

trichophyton tonsurans

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7
Q

what are other superficial fungi that are not dermatophytes which means they dont require keratin to grow but are still present on the skin

A

pityriasis versicolor

candida albicans

piedra hortae

trichosporum beigelli

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8
Q

pityriasis versicolor is caused by what

A

malassezia furfur

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9
Q

what superficial fungal infection has fine scaly patches of hyperpigementation and hypopigementation on the skin

A

pityriasis versicolor

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10
Q

what superficial fungal infection degrades lipids in the skin producing acids which inhibits melanin production

A

pityriasis versicolor

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11
Q

what superficial fungal infection has spaghetti and meatball appearance of KOH skin scrapings

A

pityriasis versicolor

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12
Q

what superficial fungal infection has itching red rash in moist places like armpits, vagina, and groin

A

candida albicans

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13
Q

what is a superficial fungal infection that can cause diaper rash

A

candida albicans

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14
Q

what superficial fungal infection has increased incidence in diabetics and people on broad spectrum antibiotics

A

candida albicans

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15
Q

what superficial fungal infection causes black nodules on the hair

A

piedra hortae

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16
Q

what superficial fungal infection causes white or beige nodules on the hair

A

trichosporum beigelli

beige in name

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17
Q

what are the subcutaneous fungal infections

A

sporothrix schenckii

madurella mycetomatis or grisea

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18
Q

what subcutaneous fungal infections is dimorphic and lives on vegetation such as bush thorns and flowers

A

sporothrix schenckii

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19
Q

what subcutaneous fungal infections causes bumping skin lesion in legs or arms of rose growers or gardeners

A

sporothrix schenckii

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20
Q

what subcutaneous fungal infection causes rose gardeners disease

A

sporothrix schenckii

rose gardeners disease = sporotrichiosis

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21
Q

what subcutaneous fungal infection causes warty lesion on the feet of woodcutters

A

madurella mycetomatis or grisea

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22
Q

madura foot is common in what people

what is appearance and cause

what is the fungus

A

woodcutters

warty lesions on feet

madurella mycetomatis or grisea

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23
Q

what are the systemic fungal infections

A

histoplasama capsulatum
coccidiodes immitis
blastomyces dermatidis
paracoccidiodes

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24
Q

what is another term for histoplasmosis

A

ohio valley fever

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25
Q

histoplasmosis is commonly found in what 2 regions of america

A

ohio river valley

mississippi river valley

26
Q

how is histoplasma capsulatum spread

A

inhalation of spores from bat or chicken poop

NOT person to person

27
Q

what systemic fungal infection is found in bat droppings in caves or chicken poop on farms

A

histoplasma capsulatum

28
Q

what systemic fungal infection is asymptomatic in immunocompetent people

why is this

what are the organs does the fungus attack in a immunecompromized patient

A

histoplasma capsulatum

hides in macrophages

lung, spleen, liver, adrenals
(upper quadrant stuff)

29
Q

what is coccodiomycosis also called

A

san joaquin valley fever

30
Q

what systemic fungal infection is found in the deserts of southwestern US

A

coccidiodes immitis

coccodiomycosis aka san joaquin vally fever

31
Q

what fungus causes san joaquin valley fever

A

coccoidiodes immitis

32
Q

how is coccoidiodes immitis spread

A

inhalation of spores

33
Q

what systemic fungal infection causes systemic infection including lung infection, joint pain, and erythema nodosum on legs

A

coccoidiomycosis
or
san joaquin valley fever

34
Q

what systemic fungal infection is found on the east coast or eastern seabord of the US

A

blastomyces dermatidis
or
north american blastomycosis

35
Q

what is another term for blastomyces dermatidis

what about paracoccoidiodes brasiliensis

A

north american blastomycosis

south american blastomycosis

36
Q

how is north and south blastomycosis (blastomyces dermatidis and paracoccoidiodes brasiliensis) transmitted

A

inhalation of spores

37
Q

all systemic fungal infections are spread by what

A

inhalation of spores

38
Q

blastomyces dermatidis infects what tissues

A

lung infection
skin infection
bone infection

39
Q

what is a common systemic fungal infection in latin american males

A

paracoccoidiodes brasiliensis

40
Q

what systemic fungal infection has spores with multiple buds like spokes on a wheel

A

paracoccoidiodes brasiliensis

41
Q

what systemic fungal infection causes mouth and nose ulcerations

A

paracoccoidiodes brasiliensis

42
Q

what people do oppurtunistic infections affect

A

HIV and AIDS patients

43
Q

what are the oppurtunistic fungal infections

A

aspergillus fumigatus
cryptococcus neoformans
candida albicans
pneumocystis jiroveci/carinii

44
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection is found in decaying vegetation, nuts, or grains

A

aspergillus fumigatus

45
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection has a feature of a “fungal ball” in lung on xray

A

aspergillus fumigatus

46
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection causes hemoptysis (coughing up blood)

A

aspergillus fumigatus

47
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection is transmitted by pigeon poop and other bird droppings

A

cryptococcus neoformans

48
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection shows an owl eye appearance when prepared with indian ink

A

cryptococcus neoformans

49
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection causes meningitis and brain abscess

A

cryptococcus neoformans

50
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection causes severe infection in HIV/AIDS patients

A

candida albicans

51
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection causes thrush

A

candida albicans

52
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection causes severe sore throat and dysphagia

A

candida albicans

53
Q

what are symptoms of thrush

A

severe sore throat and dysphagia

54
Q

what is the only dimorphic oppurtunistic fungal infection

A

candida albicans

55
Q

what fungal infection is the most common in HIV/AIDs patients and is the most common cause of death in HIV/AIDS patients

A

pneumocystis jivoreci/carinii

56
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection presents with a ground glass appearance on chest xray

A

pneumocystis jivoreci/carinii

57
Q

pneumocystis jivoreci/carinii presents with what finding on xray

A

ground glass appearance

58
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection demonstrates pseudohyphae and budding yeasts on tissue scrapings

A

candida albicans

59
Q

what oppurtunistic fungal infection was previously classified as a protozoa

A

pneumocystis jivoreci

when it was protozoa it was known as pneumocystis carinii

60
Q

what methods are used to detect ring worms or dermatophytes

A

woods lamp = uv light
skin scrapings, tested in postassium hydroxide KOH
no blood tests

61
Q

what are some virulence factors of fungi

A

keratinase - attacks skin

proteinase - attacks muscle

elastase - attacks connective tissue

Med Micro Boards (35 decks)

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