Viruses

Question 1

virus particles are called

Answer 1

virions

Question 2

virions are composed of DNA or RNA and are encased by a protein coat called

Answer 2

capsid

Question 3

what surrounds the capsid protein coat

Answer 3

lipoprotein envelope

or nothing if naked

Question 4

how do you examine viruses

Answer 4

electron microscope

Question 5

virions can only replicate where

Answer 5

inside a living cell

obligate intracellular parasites

Question 6

how are viral capsids classified

Answer 6

helical
icosahedral
complex

Question 7

what is function of capsids

Answer 7

protect genome
receptors to initiate infection
stimulate antibody production
antigen determinant

Question 8

what refers to capsid and the viral genome together

Answer 8

nucleocapsid

Question 9

what is located within the envelope

Answer 9

viral specific glycoproteins

VSG

Question 10

what is the importance of viral specific glycoproteins VSG

Answer 10

how enveloped viruses initiate infection

Question 11

what are the steps in a viral infection

Answer 11

attachment - viral attachment proteins attach to receptors on host

penetrate - receptor mediated endocytosis or viropexis

uncoating - capsid separates from genome and duplicates

budding - duplication of genome proteins and accumulation of virus inside cell and then virus leaves by budding out

Question 12

what are examples of killed vaccines

Answer 12

polio vaccine (salk)
rabies vaccine
influenza vaccine
hepatitis A vaccine

Question 13

how are killed vaccines made

Answer 13

heat or chemicals kill viruses and then patient given vaccine

Question 14

what are different way to make vaccine

Answer 14

live virus 
killed virus 
virion subunits 
viral polypeptides 
viral DNA

Question 15

live vaccines are ___ viral strains

Answer 15

attentuated

Question 16

what are examples of live vaccines

Answer 16

measles 
mumps 
rubella 
chickenpox 
rotavirus 
yellow fever 
adenovirus