INFECTION AND RESPONSE - Human Defence Systems

Question 1

What Are The Non-Specific Defences Against Disease?

Answer 1

Skin, Nose, Trachea and Bronchi, Stomach

Question 2

Skin

Answer 2

Protective layer covering the body. Produces oily substance called sebum which can kill bacteria. If skin is damaged it scabs over

Question 3

Nose

Answer 3

Contains hair and mucus that trap particles that may contain pathogens

Question 4

Trachea And Bronchi

Answer 4

Covered with tiny hairs called cilia. Cilia are covered in mucus which can trap pathogens. Cilia moves mucus towards the throat where it is swallowed into the stomach

Question 5

Stomach

Answer 5

Contains hydrochloric acid which kills pathogens

Question 6

White Blood Cells - Phagocytosis

Answer 6

Microorganisms invades the body. White blood cell finds the microorganisms and engulfs them. White blood cell ingests the microorganism. Microorganisms have been digested and destroyed

Question 7

White Blood Cells - Antibody Production

Answer 7

Antigens are markers on the surface of the microorganism. White blood cells become sensitised to the antigens and produce antibodies. Antibodies then lock onto antigens. Causes the microorganisms to clump together so that the other white blood cells can digest them

Question 8

White Blood Cells - Antitoxin Production

Answer 8

Chemicals that neutralise the poisonous effects of the toxins