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3 - Psychology A Level (ADHD friendly) > Individual Differences Area (UNFIN) > Flashcards

Individual Differences Area (UNFIN) Flashcards

FREUD & BARON-COHEN

1
Q

FREUD - Background

A

Freud’s Psyhcodynamic Development:
* Oedipus Complex
* Phallic Stage is relevant to this study
Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital

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2
Q

FREUD - Aim

A

To record a case of the Oedipus Complex

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3
Q

FREUD - Method

A
  • 1 Boy in Vienna
  • Selected by his Father, who reported to Freud after his study was complete
  • Case Study (high detail, not enough participants)
  • Only Qualitative
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4
Q

FREUD - Procedure

A

Hans’ father reported to Freud on his son’s experiences & what Hans had admitted to him (dreams & fantasies)

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5
Q

FREUD - Results/Conclusions

A
  • Hans had the Oedipus Complex
  • Hans successfully completed the Phallic stage through Fantasies
  • Horse Phobia represents his Father’s competition for Mother
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6
Q

FREUD - Generalisability

A
  • The researcher’s son chosen
  • Ethnocentric: 1 person in Vienna
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7
Q

FREUD - Reliability

A
  • No Inter-rater reliability
  • Can’t Replicate
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8
Q

FREUD - Applications

A

Therapists

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9
Q

FREUD - Validity

A

Low Internal & External: Hans’ father = Freud fan, Interpretation = Subjective

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10
Q

FREUD - Ethics

A

+ Parental Consent
- Distress, Privacy

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11
Q

FREUD - Link to Theme

A
  • Significant impact on Study of Disorders (Understanding Disorders)
  • High detail account of Unexplored Disorder
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12
Q

FREUD - Link to Area

A

How a “common” disorder appears in Hans individually (Dreams, Fantasies)

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13
Q

FREUD - Understanding of Individual, Social & Cultural Diversity

A
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14
Q

FREUD - Remember by

A

How can you forget this one

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15
Q

BARON-COHEN - Background

A
  • B-C is a respected Autism Researcher
  • Wanted more understanding of how Autistic ppl struggle
  • Theory of Mind - the more developed, the better an individual can tell what another is thinking
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16
Q

BARON-COHEN - Aim

A
17
Q

BARON-COHEN - Method

A
  • Controlled Setting
  • Quasi (NT or Autism)
  • DV: Score on ‘eyes test’
  • Volunteer sampling, Autistic: 13M, 3F, Tourette’s: 8M, 2F, NTs: 25M, 25F
18
Q

BARON-COHEN - Procedure

A
  • 25 Greyscale eyes, w/ TARGET Term & FOIL
  • Gender Recognition Eyes task (control)
  • Basic Emotion of Whole Faces (control)
  • Strange Stories (to verify)
19
Q

BARON-COHEN - Results

A
  • Controls = Similar w/ all ppl
  • Eyes Task = Au did sig. worse
  • Tourette’s = same as NTs
20
Q

BARON-COHEN - Conclusions

A
  • Autism involves a less developed THoM
  • ‘Eyes test’ supported as Valid Autism test
21
Q

BARON-COHEN - Generalisability

A
  • Ethnocentric: all from Cambridge, however the same conditions have same effects on people from anywhere
  • Small Samples
  • Androcentric (except control)
22
Q

BARON-COHEN - Reliability

A

+High Internal
+ Standardised
- Inconsistent Setting (lab/home)

23
Q

BARON-COHEN - Applications

A
  • Measure & Quantify disorders
  • Understanding Autism
  • Therapists
24
Q

BARON-COHEN - Validity

A

+ Control Group, Equal Age & Intelligence
- Repeated Measures, Low Ecological

25
Q

BARON-COHEN - Ethics

A

+ Volunteer Sampling
- Psychological: told Autistic people = no THoM

26
Q

BARON-COHEN - Link to Theme

A
  • Investigates the differences between disorders like Autism & Tourette’s, 7 how people are affected socially by them (Understanding Disorders)
27
Q

BARON-COHEN - Link to Area

A
  • Investigates NT & Atypical differences, & diff.s between diff. ND conditions
28
Q

BARON-COHEN - Understanding of Individual, Social & Cultural Diversity

A
29
Q

BARON-COHEN - Remember by

A
30
Q

FREUD & B-C - FREUD Diff.s

A
  • Case Study
  • Qualitative
  • Low Validity & Reliability
31
Q

FREUD & B-C - BARON-COHEN Diff.s

A
  • Quasi, Highly Controlled
  • More Generalisable
  • Quantitative
32
Q

FREUD & B-C - Similarities

A
  • Understanding Disorders
  • Training therapists in Theoretical & Practical ways

3 - Psychology A Level (ADHD friendly) (37 decks)

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