P3 - E.P. - Recycling & other Conservation Behaviours

Question 1

Conservation Behaviours definition

Answer 1

Any behaviours that are environmentally friendly:
* Recycling correctly
* Not wasting Water
Or more radical habits:
* produce 0 Waste
* Carbon free

Question 2

Factor - Values

Answer 2

• Schwarz described values such as freedom, equality, pro-envir. behaviours as trans-situational goals that are guiding principles of an Individual.
• Values include beliefs about un/desirability of certain states (although abstract concepts, they might help explain behaviours)

Question 3

Value Theories: Social Value Orientations

Answer 3

How much people care about their and others’ outcomes in a social dilemma; Social Value Orientation/SVO:
* Broadly Cooperative value orientation
* Broadly Individualistic value orientation
* Broadly Competitive value orientation
* Liebrand made a way of assessing SOV, where ppl choose between options that offer points to themselves or another person

CO-OP: Equal Points, IND: Self-Advantage, COMP: Self-Monopoly

Question 4

Value Theories: Biospheric Values

Answer 4

Biospheric - concern for the enviromnent/nature VS Altruistic - concern for the welfare of other humans
* Both predictors of pre-environmental behaviours; behaviours usually benifit both humans & environment
* Can clash, e.g. Socialist vs Green, Organic vs Fairtrade product

Question 5

Value Theories: Social Norms

Answer 5

• Socially Acceptable ways of behaving
• Our behaviour is at least partially determined by the behaviour of others
• Social Norms’s imfluence on behaviour often underestimated
• Nolan investigated the willingness of individuals to conserve energy (in their houses)
  
  • more influenced by neighbour’s conservation of energy than doing it becasue of environmental protection or saving money
  • despite normative behaviour being rated lower than other reasons

Question 6

ASH Study Summary

Answer 6

• Ash asked group of confederates w/ 1 participant in to match a line with an option of lines (A,B,C)
• Confederates unanamously choose the wrong option to test if the participant would conform
• MOST CONFORMITY: Large group, unambiguous question (easy)

Weaknesses (covered by LEVINE mostly)
* Ind. Measures, lab exp. - low ecological validity
* lacked ‘mondane realism’, therefore:
* Normative Social Influence - behaviour is not internalised; done to fit in temporarily &
* lack of application and usefulness

Question 7

ASH Study relevance to Recycling

Answer 7

• Role Models can influence people to Recycle
• A clear, unambiguous message needed to make people conform into recycling
• External Reliability - Nolan found Normative Behaviour was more influential than other motivations that participants ranked higher