Important cytokines (Pg. 104) - C

Question 1

Important cytokines - IL-1

Answer 1

• Fever
• Acute inflammation
• Activates endothelium to express adhesion molecules.
• Induces chemokine secretion to recruit WBCs.

Question 2

Important cytokines - IL-1/2/3/4/6

Answer 2

“Hot T-bone stEAK”:

• IL-1: fever (hot).
• IL-2: stimulates T cells.
• IL-3: stimulates bone marrow.
• IL-4: stimulates IgE production.
• IL-5: stimulates IgA production.
• IL-6: stimulates aKute-phase protein production.

Question 3

Important cytokines - IL-8

Answer 3

“clean up on AISLE 8 B4 the TAXis arrive at 5, B!”

- Major chemotactic factor for neutrophils (along w/ LTB4 and C5b)

Question 4

Important cytokines - IL-12

Answer 4

• Induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells.

- Activates NK cells.

Question 5

Important cytokines - Tumor necrosis factor-α

Answer 5

• Activates endothelium. Causes WBC recruitment, vascular leak.
• Causes cachexia in malignancy.
• Maintains granulomas in TB.
• IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α can mediate sepsis.

Question 6

Important cytokines - IL-2

Answer 6

Stimulates growth of helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells, and NK cells.

Question 7

Important cytokines - IL-3

Answer 7

Supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells. Functions like GM-CSF.

Question 8

Important cytokines - IF-y

Answer 8

• Secreted by NK cells and T cells in response to antigen or IL-12 from macrophages;
• Stimulates macrophages to kill phagocytosed pathogens.
• Inhibits differentiation of Th2 cells.
• Also activates NK cells to kill virus-infected cells.
• Increases MHC expression and antigen presentation by all cells.

Question 9

Important cytokines - IL-4

Answer 9

• Induces differentiation of T cells into Th2 cells. Promotes growth of B cells. Enhances class switching to IgE and IgG.

Question 10

Important cytokines - IL-5

Answer 10

• Promotes growth and differentiation of B cells. Enhances class switching to IgA. Stimulates growth and differentiation of eosinophils.

Question 11

Important cytokines - IL-10

Answer 11

• Attenuates in inflammatory response. Decreases expression of MHC class II and Th1 cytokines. Inhibits activated macrophages and dendritic cells. Also secreted by regulatory T cells.
• TGF-β and IL-10 both attenuate the immune response.