Imperialism Changes

Question 1

Global trade

Answer 1

Increased - mostly to colonial powers who exported raw materials to industrialized societies

Question 2

Economic changes

Answer 2

India’s textile industry; Ceylon + India’s intro. to tea

Question 3

India’s cotton industry

Answer 3

Increased production + export; Built railroads for transportation; Sold back inexpensive British textiles; Value of cotton exports grew

Question 4

Ceylon + India

Answer 4

Tea trees introduced by British; Destroyed rainforests to create tea plantations - satisfy European demand; Labor-intensive work for Ceylonese women

Question 5

Malaya + Sumatra

Answer 5

Rubber trees introduced by British; Establish plantations to meet demands

Question 6

European Migrations

Answer 6

Migrants went to temperate lands as free cultivators or industrial laborers; Herders; Some indentured

Question 7

Asia + Africa + Pacific Island Migrations

Answer 7

Migrants went to tropical + subtropical lands as indentured laborers (plantations) / manual laborers (mines+construction)

Question 8

Indentured labor

Answer 8

Needed due to decline in slavery; From dense areas; Mostly from India

Question 9

Indentured labor trade

Answer 9

Started with British + French sending Indian laborers to sugar plantations

Question 10

How were European migrations possible?

Answer 10

Settler societies in far regions

Question 11

What made migrations of indentured laborers possible?

Answer 11

Colonial officials recruited + dispatched workers

Question 13

What were common causes of resistance in settler colonies?

Answer 13

Corruption and tyranny + European schools and curricula + high taxes + restrictions on crops and industries

Question 14

How did traditional religious beliefs influence colonial rebellions?

Answer 14

Many rebellions drew strength from traditional religious beliefs and aimed to reinstate old leaders

Question 15

What forms of small-scale resistance were common in colonies?

Answer 15

Boycotting European goods, forming political parties and pressure groups, publishing anti-colonial materials, and opposing colonial policies through religion

Question 16

What caused conflict in multicultural societies like Hawaii during colonial times?

Answer 16

Diverse labor migration led to cultural diffusion but also strong linguistic, religious, and cultural differences, creating tensions between workers + supervisors + themselves

Question 17

Main sources of labor migration to Hawaii

Answer 17

Labor migrants came from China, Japan, Portugal, the Philippines, Korea, and Pacific Islands, forming ethnically distinct communities

Question 18

Scientific racism

Answer 18

Superiority of European race proven through “science”; Justify imperialism

Question 19

Joseph Arthur de Gobineau

Answer 19

Race is the most important factor in human potential - divided humans into 4 groups

Question 20

The Origin of Species

Answer 20

Written by Charles Darwin; Claimed all species evolved through competition

Question 21

Charles Darwin

Answer 21

“Survival of the fittest”; Species that adapt well thrive, those that don’t go extinct; Darwinists applied this to human society

Question 22

Herbert Spencer

Answer 22

Use theories of evolution to explain differences between strong + weak - successful competed better + gained more power naturally; Justify domination of European imperialists over subject people as inevitable result of natural selection

Question 23

Popular racism

Answer 23

Non-European cultures were portrayed as “savage”; Europeans used this portrayal to justify the “civilizing mission,” claiming to bring progress, education, and Christianity.