Immune System: Chapter 43 Flashcards
Innate immunity
The antigens in your body that youare already born with jour first line of defense
Skin and mucus are usually the first line of defense
Recognition proteins
Apart of innate immunity; recognizes what a pathogen is in order to determine what line of defense
Cellular defense in innate immunity
Macrophages, dendritic cells, interferons and natural killer cells
What do macrophages and dendritic cells do
Ingest pathogen through phagocytes
Function of natural killer alls
Induce death of virus cells
Inflammatory response of innate immunity
Histamine are released@ injury site
Physical barriers ot innate immune system
Skin/hair/cillia, mucus membranes, enzymes in mouth, stomach acid
Internal defenses of innate immune system
Inflammatory response, complement protons, phagocytes cells, nk cells
Adaptive immunity
Immunity gained throughout life not born with it, pathogen specific receptors
What due adaptive immunity rely on
2 types of lymphocytes; B cells and t cells
What are lymphocytes
Has Cell-surface antigen receptors for foreignmolecules
T-cell job in antigen invasion
Helps Other lymphocytes and kill infected host cells
B-cells function
Aka plasma cells; produce antibodies
B and t memory cells
Help prevent/stop future infections by the same pathogen
B and T cells must bind to the
Epitope= a small region of an antigen
MHC
Binds peptide fragments from antigens and places them on the surface of the cell
4 major characteristics of B and t cell development
Generation of cell diversity,
self tolerance,
proliferation and
immunological memory
Helper t-cells function
1) triggered by MHC class II cells indicating that there is an infection or foreign substance
2) helper T cells are triggered and release cytokines
3) cytokines notify other immune cells to start an immune response
Humoral immune response
Antibodies kill antigenthrough phagocytes
Cell mediated immune response
Cytotoxic T cells are triggered to kill infected cells
Active immunity
Antibodies are produced after exposure to antigen; Response usually to immunizations
Passive immunity
Given antibodies instead of creating them your self and gives you Short term immunity
Autoimmune disease vs immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency: impairment of the immune system ex=AIDS
Autoimmune disease: immune system attacks healthy cells, tissues, organs, etc.
