Chapter 1 Flashcards
Correct order of hierarchy of biological organization from most to least
BECPOOT.COM
biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism, organ, tissue, cells, organelle, molecule
What are emergent properties and give an example
A characteristic or property an entity gains when it becomes apart of a bigger system
Ex) When amino acids are joined together to make a protein with catalytic properties and creates an enzymatic protein that speeds up the rate of reaction
What happens to chemical nutrients in an ecosystem?
They recycle within the ecosystem and are constantly be reused
What do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
They use DNA molecule to store info, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome
Differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Eukaryotes: have a membrane enclosed nucleus usually found in all organism except archae and bacteria, commonly found in multicellular organisms
Prokaryotes: no nucleus, no membrane enclosed organelles, usually smaller than eukaryotes
Cell theory
ALL living organisms are made up of cells
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
How does DNA encode info?
Info is encoded in the sequence of nucleotides
The sequential arrangement of the 4 different nucleotide letters encodes the instructions contained in DNA
The taxonomic domain that has multicellular photosynthetic organisms
Eukarya
Why does competition between organisms occur according to the theory of natural selection?
Organisms produce too many offspring with limited amount of resources/food
What is the unity in the diversity of life?
1) All organisms use the same genetic code(this includes all eukaryotes and prokaryotes)
2) DNA is structured the same in all organisms
3) the forelimbs of all mammals have the same basic structure, modified for different environments
4) cilia and flagella in all eukaryotes have the same basic structure
What has to be true about a hypothesis for it to be used in science?
It must be able testable and falsifiable
What is the scientific theory
A scientist must have a testable hypotheses, supported by a large body of evidence and is broad in scope
What are the properties of life
-order
-evolutionary adaptation
-regulation
-energy processing
-Growth and development
-reproduction
-response to environment
Characteristics of life
1) all living things have nuclei acid, proteins, amino acids and lipids
2) living things all have cells
3) living things reproduce
4) living things use energy and ram materials
5) living things respond to stimuli
6) living things maintain homeostasis
7) living things evolve and have adaptive traits ie. natural selection
Unifying themes of biology
1) organization: being able to divide different cells/organism—> BECPOOT.COM
2) information: info inside of chromosomes have DNA (transcription->translation->protein folding)
3)Energy and Matter: the input of energy and its ability to transforms and effect life
4)interactions: interactions between organism ensure smooth functionality (negative feedback regulation)
5)Evolution: adaptation and natural selection
What is science?
The study of the relationship between living & non-living things
Theory
A well supported concept that has broad explanatory power
Why should an experiment only test one variable at a time?
It ensures the experimental outcome is the result of one known factor
When should experiments repetition happen?
Experiments must he repeated and results verified to come to a conclusion
Scientific process can be used to address all the following categories except
Ethical dilemmas
Deductive reasoning
Type of reasoning that use a general premise to draw a specific conclusion
Inductive reasoning
A body of observations are used to create a general principle
What level of biological organization does evolution act upon?
Population
