Chapter 22 Flashcards
What did Darwin propose about life diversity
That it began over long periods of time from ancestral species through natural selection which was pretty controversial in its time
What did Cuvier study
Fossils that did not involve e the idea of evolution
What did Lamarck hypothesized
He hypothesize the evolution was the inheritance of acquired characteristics but his findings are not supported by any evidence
What is another name natural selection goes by
Descent with modification which explains the adaptations in unity/diversity of life
What did Darwin believe were the key components to create a new species
Ancestral forms + adaptation will produce a new species
What is the relationship between dissent with modification a natural selection mechanism
Descent with modification produces diversity through natural selection mechanism 
What were the two observations made about natural selection
-individuals in population have different heritable characteristics
-Organisms produce more offspring the environment can support
What are the two inferences mean about natural selection
-Individuals with that or adaptation survive and leave more healthy offspring
-Favorable traits accumulate in population which means more competition
True or false: evolution is greatly supported by scientific evidence
True
What is the evidence that supports evolution
-Homology
-convergent evolution
-Fossils
Convergent Evolution
When independently evolving species in similar environments evolve in similar ways because of natural selection
What is the importance of fossils in the evolution
Fossils can document the evolutionary origin of new groups of organisms
What can evolutionary theory explain
Can explain some biogeographic patterns
How is a heritable trait determined
Heritable traits is one that is determined at least in part by genes passed from parents to offspring
What does it mean that organisms have a nearly universal genetic code
A specific DNA sequence in codes the same information in one species as it was in nearly any other species
adaptation
A trait that gives an organism A reproductive advantage in the current Environment
From his observations of organisms in the Galapagos islands, Darwin reason that____________
Organisms have adapted to new environments giving rise to new species
Which researcher developed the theory of evolution that was very similar to Charles Darwins?
Wallace sent Darwin a manuscript outlining the theory of natural selection that was very similar to Charles Darwins
How are Staphylococcus aureus Resistant to the drug methicillin
Resistant varieties existed in the population but did not confirm any advantage until you environment change with the introduction of the truck methicillin
What characteristic about embryos challenge the traditional pre-1860 ideas about embryology
Embryos of the similar organisms such as sharks in humans resemble each other
What did Darwin and other scientist initially think about the origin of species
Most scientist including Darwin thought you species was specially created by God and its present form and did not change over time
How does natural selection result in an organisms adaptation to their environment
It begins with some individuals having more advantageous traits and because they have a better chance to survive and reproduce with these traits those individuals pass on those adaptive traits to their offspring. Overtime the advantageous traits become more common in the population because they can survive better with those traits
