Idk

Question 1

Romanticism

Answer 1

Movement in art and literature in 18th and 19th C; in revolt against Neoclassicm of previos centuries; Characterized by emphasis on emotion and individualism; reaction to industrial revolution

Question 2

Characeristics of Romanticism

Answer 2

emotion over reason; Glorification of nature; Rejected enlightenment; Encouraged personal freedom and flexibility; drew upon ideals of middle ages

Question 3

Romantics of central and eastern europe

Answer 3

Romantics focused on peasant life and wrote folk songs, tales, and proverbs

Question 4

William Wordsworth

Answer 4

Wrote “Lyrical Ballads,” one of most influential literary works in history of english language; deeply influenced by philosophy of Rousseou and spirit of early French Revolution

Question 5

Percy Bysshe Shelly

Answer 5

Wrote “Prometheus Unbound,” He detaile the revolt of humans against a society that oppressis them

Question 6

Johann WOlfgang von Goethe

Answer 6

Wrote “Sorrows of the Young Werther, which personnifies the romantic hero who was misunderstood and rejected by society; Novel influenced many others during this rea with tragic love stories

Question 7

Victor Hugo

Answer 7

Wrote “Hunchback of Notre Dame,” and “Les Miserable;” Romanticism in his lovers were evident with use of fanstastic characers, and strange settings

Question 8

Francisco Goya

Answer 8

Romantic painter; A court painter for Spanish Crown; painted numerous work of Peninsular War; most famous for “Third of May” that shows Spainish Revoutionaries being executed by French firing squad

Question 9

Richard Wagner

Answer 9

German opera; Considered one of greatest opera composer of 19th C; Devoloped the “Music Drama” often considered culmination of romantic era; Strongly emphasized German myths and legends

Question 10

Peter Tchaikovsky

Answer 10

Most well know of russian romantic composer; Perhaps most gifted euro composer in creation of Neutral melodies; Often used Russian folk songs in his symphanies and ballads

Question 11

Revolutions of 1848

Answer 11

Challenged consrevative order and led to breakdown of concert of Europe; Only Britian and Russia avoided upheval; Nationalist and liberals;

Question 12

February Revolution

Answer 12

Occurred in France; “Round 2” in French Revolution; Working class and liberals were unhappy with King Louis especially his minister who opposed electoral reform; Louis Abdicated throne in Feb 1848

Question 13

Second French Republic

Answer 13

Brought from Louis Philippe abdicating throne; Led by liberal Aplhonse camertine who was allied w/ bougeoise

Question 14

Reforms of second republic

Answer 14

Abolished slavery in empire; 10 hour workday in Paris for urban worker; Dealth penalty abolished; April elections for new consitutional assemby saw conflict b/w liberals and socialists

Question 15

Louis Blanc

Answer 15

Socialist thinker; Led working classes; Demanded work for unemployed; Workers sought revolutionary republic after Blanc was dropped from consituent assembly

Question 16

National Workshops

Answer 16

Created to provide work for unemployed

Question 17

June Days Revolution

Answer 17

Cause: Gov’t closed national workshops; marked begining of class warfare in France b/w the bougeoise and working class; workers sought war against poverty and redistibution of income; Barricades were put up in streets to oppose gov’t forces

Question 18

Giuseppe Mazzini

Answer 18

Italy; Established Roman Republic; Protected by Giuseppe Garibaldi and his army

Question 19

Magyar

Answer 19

A hungarian Leader; A member of people who originated in the Urals and migrated westward; A fundamental political unit

Question 20

Louis Kossuth

Answer 20

A hungarian leader who demanded independence; Hungarians ulimately defeated after Austrian army regrouped

Question 21

Bohemia

Answer 21

Where Prague conference took place

Question 22

Frankfurt Parliamen

Answer 22

Liberal, nationalist, and romantic leaders called for elections to a constiuent assembly from all state in German Bond; For purpose of unifying german States; Sought war with Denmark to annex Shcleswig and Holstein; Prussia declared war on Denmark

Question 23

Frederick William IV

Answer 23

Prussian King who rejected liberal consiution; Claimed the divine right of kings; Imposed conservative conitution that guranteed royal control of gov’t; Hist attempt at unification of Germany ended in failure

Question 24

Humiliation of Olmutz

Answer 24

Prussia dropped plan to unify germany; Left Austria as dominant German state in bond; prussia would seek revenge in 1866

Question 25

Realpolitik

Answer 25

new generation of conservative leaders; Use of power politics to acheive political goals; Think welfare of state above all

Question 26

Otto von Bismarck

Answer 26

The chancellor of Prussia until 1871 when he became chancellor of Germany; Conservative nationalist; led Prussia to vicotry against Austria and France; Responible for creation of german empire

Question 27

old imperialism

Answer 27

Control of one nation by another; Euro powers did not usually acquire large amounts of territory in Africa + Asia but built a series of trade stations; Euro in Asia respected and cooperated with local rulers; Exception was in the New World

Question 28

New Imperialism

Answer 28

Began in 1880 in Africa, earlier in Asia; By 1914 Euro controlled 84% of World’s territories; Caues for imperialism where the search for new markets + raw material + industial revolution created surplus of goods

Question 29

Dr. David Livingstone

Answer 29

The first white man to do humanitarian and religious work in South and Central AFrica; Best know explorer and missionary; Opposed slave trade; Wanted to open up interiar of africa to chistianity and trade;

Question 30

H.M. Stanley

Answer 30

A senstation seeking British journalaist and part time explore sent by Lenold 11 to Congo; Established trade and land for Beligium there

Question 31

Social Darwinism

Answer 31

Application of Darwin’s concept of survival of the fittest to explain evolution in nature to human relationships; Rationalized the conquest of weak countires by stonger more civiliezed ones; justified military superiority and conquest

Question 32

White man’s Burden

Answer 32

racist and patronizing view that preached that the Superior westerners had an obligation to bring their culture to unciivlized people in other part of the world; Sought to protect and improve the lives of non-Europeans

Question 33

Scramble to Africa

Answer 33

By 1914 Europe controlled whole African continet except LIberia and ethiopia; Penetration into African Interior began in late 1870’s when Belgium took control of Congo; Britain’s conquest of Egypt became model of “New Imperialism;” Berlin Conference established rules among Euro powers for carving up Africa