Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones

Question 1

Syndrome Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 1

Polyuria
Polydipsia
Hypernatremia

Question 2

Differentiate Central from Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 2

Central - deficient ADH

Nephrogenic - receptors resistant to ADH

Question 3

GH AGONIST

Answer 3

Recombinant GH - Somatropin

Recombinant IGF 1 - Mecasermin

Question 4

GH ANTAGONIST

Answer 4

GH Receptor Antagonist - Pegvisomant

Somatostatin Analog - Ocreotide, Lanreotide

Question 5

MOA: SOMATROPIN

Answer 5

increase release of IGF-1 in the liver and cartilage

stimulates skeletal muscle growth, amino acid transport, protein synthesis and cell proliferation

Question 6

Given to children unresponsive to GH

Answer 6

Mecasermin

Same MOA with GH - stimulates skeletal muscle growth, amino acid transport, protein synthesis and cell proliferation

Question 7

Blocks GH receptor

Answer 7

Pegvisomant

Question 8

Used in Acromegaly only

Answer 8

Pegvisomant

Question 9

Used in Acromegaly, Pituitary Adenoma (GH secreting), Carcinoid, Gastrinoma, Glucagonoma, Variceal bleeding

Answer 9

Somatostatin analogues

Ocreotide, Lanreotide

Question 10

Used in GH deficiency, genetic diseases with short stature such as Turner, noonan, Prader-willi, failure to thrive, AIDS wasting

Answer 10

Somatropin

Question 11

AE of Recombinant IGF 1

Answer 11

Hypoglycemia, increased LFT, intracranial HTN

what to do with the hypoglycemia?
- give snacks prior to dose

Question 12

GH antagonist whose onset of action is expected within 2wks of use

Answer 12

Pegvisomant

Question 13

GONADOTROPINS

Answer 13

FSH ANALOGS
LH ANALOGS
GnRH AGONIST
GnRH ANTAGONIST

Question 14

FSH ANALOG

Answer 14

Follitropin Alfa
Menotropin (hMG)
Urofollitropin
Follitropin Beta

Question 15

LH ANALOG

Answer 15

Choriogonadotropin Alfa
HCG
Menotropins (hMG)
Lutropin Alfa

Question 16

FSH functions

Answer 16

follicular development in females

spermatogenesis in males

Question 17

LH function

Answer 17

ovulation

androgen production

Question 18

Ovarian Enlargment, ascites, hypovelemia, shock

Answer 18

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome

Question 19

recombinant LH

Answer 19

Lutropin

Question 20

DOPAMIN AGONIST

Answer 20

Bromocriptine
Pergolide
Cabergoline
Quinagolide

Question 21

MOA: DOPAMINE AGONIST

Answer 21

inhibits prolactin release from the pituitary gland

slightly inhibits GH release

Question 22

USE: DOPAMINE AGONIST

Answer 22

Hyperprolactinemia, Pituitary Adenoma (Prolactin secreting), Acromegaly, Parkinson’s Dse.

Question 23

AE of Dopamine Agonist

Answer 23

Erythromelalgia

rare disorder characterized by burning pain and warmth and redness of the extremities

Question 24

Contraindicated in patients with history of psychotic illness

Answer 24

Dopamine Agonist

Question 25

oxytocin receptor blocker

Answer 25

ATOSIBAN

Question 26

agonist of peripheral oxytocin receptors

Answer 26

CARBETOCIN

Question 27

ADH AGONIST

Answer 27

Vasopressin/ADH

Desmopressin

Question 28

Vasopressin and Desmopressin are selective for __ receptors.

Answer 28

V2 receptors

Question 29

MOA: ADH AGONIST

Answer 29

insert aquaporins in the collecting duct leading to more water reabsorption

act on extra-renal V2 receptors to increase Factor VIII and VWF factor

Question 30

also used in Esophageal Variceal Bleeding

Answer 30

ADH AGONIST

- also contracts vascular smooth muscles via V1 receptor leading to vasoconstriction

Question 31

ADH ANTAGONIST

Answer 31

Conivaptan
Tolvaptan
Lixivaptan

Question 32

MOA: ADH ANTAGONIST

Answer 32

antagonist at V1A and V2 receptors

Question 33

USE: ADH ANTAGONIST

Answer 33

SIADH, hyponatremia in hospitalized patients