Hypertension Flashcards
What is the optimal blood pressure (BP) reading?
<120/<80
What is considered normal blood pressure?
120-129 / 80-84
What is classified as high normal blood pressure?
130 - 139 / 85 - 89
What is Grade 1 (mild) hypertension?
140 - 159 / 90 - 99
What is Grade 2 (moderate) hypertension?
160 - 179 / 100 - 109
What is Grade 3 (severe) hypertension?
> 180 / >110
What defines isolated systolic hypertension?
> 140 / <90 = renal disease, CVD/CVA/MI & cardiac failure
What is the aim of the DASH diet?
Reduce BP & lower risk of CVD
What are the main interventions of the DASH diet?
Fruits and vegetables, low fat dairy, whole grains, fish, poultry, nuts; limit saturated fat, red meat, sweets, sugary beverages.
What is the indication for the DASH diet?
Rated best diet for overall health & wellness in heart health.
How does the DASH diet compare to the Mediterranean diet?
Promotes healthy eating pattern but doesn’t focus on olive oil, fish or wine.
What is the expected BP reduction timeline with the DASH diet?
Within 2 - 4 weeks, with initial reduction of 6mmHG systolic & 3mmHG diastolic.
What is the CVD risk reduction associated with the DASH diet?
Lowers TC, LDL-C & BMI = predict a reduction of CVD risk of ~13% using 10 year Framingham risk score.
Where is the DASH diet readily available?
Readily available in Australia.
What is the recommended daily intake of fruits on the DASH diet?
4-5 servings/day
What is the recommended daily intake of vegetables on the DASH diet?
4-5 servings/day
What is the recommended daily intake of low fat or non-fat dairy on the DASH diet?
2-3 servings/day
What is the recommended daily intake of grains and grain products on the DASH diet?
6-8 servings/day (including 3 wholegrain foods/day)
What is the recommended intake of lean meats, poultry, and fish on the DASH diet?
2 or fewer servings/day (</= 6/week)
What is the recommended weekly intake of nuts, seeds, and legumes on the DASH diet?
4-5 servings/week
What is the recommended daily intake of fats & oils on the DASH diet?
2-3 servings/day
What is the recommended weekly intake of sweets on the DASH diet?
5 or fewer servings/week
What are the recommended nutrient targets for saturated fat on the DASH diet?
<10% TEI
What are the recommended daily targets for N-3 PUFAs on the DASH diet?
250 - 500mg/day (EPA/DHA), 1g/day (ALA)
What are the recommended targets for N-6 PUFA on the DASH diet?
4-10% TEI
What is the target for total trans fat on the DASH diet?
<1% TEI
What is the target for free sugars on the DASH diet?
<10% TEI
What is the sodium intake target on the DASH diet?
<2000mg/day (<5g salt)
