Human Performance - Human Error and Reliability

Question 1

Human Reliability

Answer 1

Probability of humans conducting specific tasks with satisfactory performance

Influenced by:
The organisation

Working conditions

Man-machine interface

Procedures and plans

Number of simultaneous goals

Available time

Time of day

Training and experience

Crew collaboration

Question 2

What is Situational Awareness?

Answer 2

Perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space

Question 3

Situational Awareness - influencing factors

Answer 3

Attention

Working memory

Stress

Mental overload or underlay

System design and complexity: Ergonomics

Automation

Multi-crew

Question 4

Loss of Situational Awareness - countermeasures

Answer 4

Reduce workload

Reduce pace of events

Step back

Improve decision making

Question 5

Skill based errors

Answer 5

Omission of checklist, poor a/c handling, failure in visual scanning

Question 6

Decision errors

Answer 6

Improper procedure, inappropriate manoeuvre, wrong response to emergency

Question 7

Perceptual erros

Answer 7

Misjudgement of distance, spacial disorientation, visual illusions

Question 8

What is a latent error?

Answer 8

Concealed or less apparent failures that contribute to the occurrence of errors or allow them to occur

E.g. Poor planning or scheduling, training deficiencies, lack of motivation, defective communications and stress

Question 9

Human-machine interface goal

Answer 9

Ensure the machine suits the natural capabilities of the human, rather than human having to learn to cope with the machine

Question 10

Decision Making is…

Answer 10

Rational process by which different options are analysed, odds are considered, alternative courses of action are considered and final decision is made

Question 11

Decision Making Model

Answer 11