Human gas Exchange Flashcards

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1
Q

Where does gas exchange take place

A

Lungs

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2
Q

What is the trachea

A

the entrance to the human gas exchange system
when we breath, air flows through the trachea
ridges of cartilage surround the front to provide structure and protection.

there is no cartilage at the back to prevent constriction of the oesophagus

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3
Q

what are the Bronchi

A

2 divisions of the trachea
air flows along each bronchs to the lungs
they are made up of smooth muscle and cartilage

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4
Q

what are bronchioles

A

they are divisions of the bronchi wich branch througout the lungs into the alveoli

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5
Q

what are the alveoli

A

these are sacks that fill with air when we breath

oxygen in the alveoli diffuses out into the blood stream and carbin dioxide diffuses into the alveoli

the alveoli provide a large surface area for efficient gas exchange

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6
Q

what is responsible for ventilation

A

the rib cage, diaphragm, and the intercostal muscles

when we inhale, these structures move to allow the lungs to fill with air
when we exhale, these structres move to allow air to leave the lungs

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7
Q

what are the capillaries

A

they surround each alveoli and they provide a large surface area for efficient gas exchange between the alveoli and te blood stream

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8
Q

what are the alveolar epithelium

A

they are made up single layer epithelial cells which line the walls of the alveoli

they provide a very short diffusion pathway between the alveoli and capillaries to maxi ise rate of gas exchange

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9
Q

how does concentration gradient contribute to gas exchange rates

A

capillaries supply the alveoli with CO2 and the oxygen in the alveoli is quickly carried away
thisn rapid transportatkon of gases allows for there to be a steep concentfration gradient of CO2 and O2

the steep concentration gradient allows for quick diffusion of gases in and out of he bloodstream

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