Housing and Chicken Housing Flashcards
Construction of the roof, floor, walls and partitions to house the animals
LIVESTOCK HOUSING
Importance of Good Housing
- AS AN IMPROTANT ASPECT OF BIOLOGY
- AS A PROBLEM OF ENGINEERING
- AS A PROBLEM IN ECONOMICS
Essentials of Housing
- PROTECTION AGAINST RAIN AND FLOOD WATER
- TEMPERATURE MODERATION DURING HOT SUMMER MONTHS
- GOOD VENTILATION
- PROTECTION AGAINST WIND DURING INCLEMENT (STORMY/WINDY) WEATHER
- GOOD DRAINAGE
- GOOD LIGHTING
Location of the Farm House
- TOPOGRAPHY OF THE LAND
- AVAILABILITY AND COST OF THE LAND
- NEARNESS TO ROAD AND GOOD TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES
- PRESENCE OF GOOD WATER SUPPLY, ABUNDANT FEEDS AND AVAILABILITY OF ELECTRICITY
- AWAY FROM RESIDENTIAL HOMES
- PEACE AND ORDER SITUATION IN THE AREA
- MARKET DEMAND
Birds are raised in small scale primarily intended for home consumption
- common practice is to raise it at the back of the house
BACKYARD POULTRY
Classes of Poultry Farms
- BACKYARD POULTRY
2. POULTRY FARMING
This is raising poultry for larger or commercial sale
POULTRY FARMING
Devoted exclusively for egg production
EGG POULTRY FARM
Termed as “The Egg Basket of the Visayas”
BANTAYAN ISLAND, CEBU
Production of broilers
BROILER FARM
Specialized in the production and sale of day-old chicks and perhaps starter chicks
HATCHERY
2 types of Hatchery
- COMMERCIAL HATCHERY
2. BREEDER HATCHERY
Does not maintain a breeding flock as source of hatching eggs, it buys egg from outside for hatching
COMMERCIAL HATCHERY
Raises breeding flock from which hatching eggs come
BREEDER HATCHERY
Big companies will contract farmers to breed, hatch and grow the viable chickens from their stock to be sold as eggs, starter chicks and dressed chickens
CONTRACT FARMING
Tips in Constructing Poultry Houses
- LOCATE POULTRY HOUSE IN AREAS WHERE THERE IS FREE AIR CIRCULATION
- CONSTRUCT LONG NARROW POULTRY HOUSE (8-10 ft) FOR LAYERS
- ORIENT THE LENGTH OF THE POULTRY HOUSE ON A NORTH EAST-SOUTH WEST DIRECTION
- PROVIDE SUFFICIENT AIR VENTS TO PERMIT HOT AIR TO ESCAPE
- USE ROOFING MATERIALS THAT PROVIDE GOOD INSULATION
- WALLS
- POULTRY HOUSES SHOULD BE ELEVATED
Types of Poultry Houses
- BROODER HOUSE
- GROWER HOUSE
- LAYERS HOUSE
- BROILER HOUSE
Houses the chicks for approximately 4 weeks when they no longer need heat to keep them warm and comfortable
BROODER HOUSE
Various types of Brooders
- LITTER FLOOR
- SLAT FLOOR
- BATTERY or CAGE BROODERS
- Intended for layers
- Can either have litter flooring, slat-floor pens, combination of litter and slat floor or individual cage system
LAYERS HOUSE
- After brooding, the chicks are transferred to the growing house to provide them with wider floor space
- They are kept until they are about to lay eggs at about 20 weeks of age
GROWER HOUSE
Advantages of Caging Layers
- HIGHER RATE OF PRODUCTION
- AVOIDS COMPETITION FOR FEED & WATER
- EASE OF MANAGEMENT
- REDUCED INCIDENCE OF PARASITISM
Disadvantages of Caging Layers
- EXPENSIVE
- BIGGER NUMBER OF DIRTY & BROKEN EGGS
- TENDENCY TO SUFFER MORE STRESS AND ALSO HEAT DURING SUMMER MONTHS
- DIFFICULTY IN CONTROLLING FLEAS & MITES
- Constructed in order to put the entire flock under one house until the birds are ready for market
- The latest innovation is growing them in cages to simplify crating and hauling the broilers to the processing plant
BROILER HOUSE
Disadvantage of Broiler House
DEVELOPMENT OF BREAST BLISTERS
- Sores that develop near the bird’s keel bone
- Caused by prolonged contact between the keel and solid surfaces which could be caused by repeated or continuous, low-grade trauma, collision associated trauma or self-mutilation
BREAST BLISTERS
Early signs of Breast Blisters
NOTICEABLE THINNING OF THE FEATHERS IN THE AREA OF THE KEEL BONE & REDDENING OF THE SKIN IN THE AREA
Roofing Styles
- SHED TYPE
- MONITOR TYPE
- GABLE or DOUBLE SPAN
- SEMI-MONITO
Flooring Styles
- LITTER FLOOR
- SLAT-FLOOR
- COMBINATION OF LITTER & SLAT FLOOR
Using rice hull, saw dust, sand or any absorbent materials
LITTER FLOOR
Advantages of Litter Floor
- NOT VERY EXPENSIVE
2. LESSER INCIDENCE OF BREAST BLISTERS, ESPECIALLY BROILERS
Disadvantages of Litter Floor
- VOLUME OF MANURE MAY BECOME BULKY THAT DISPOSAL IS A PROBLEM
- HIGHER INCIDENCE OF PARASITISM
Using bamboo splits, lumber or wood
SLAT FLOOR
Advantages of Slat Floor
- AFFORDS BETTER AIR CIRCULATION
2. LESSENS CHANCES OF PARASITISM INFECTION
Disadvantage of Slat Floor
HIGH INCIDENCE OF BREAST BLISTERS, ESPECIALLY ON WIRE FLOORS
- Slats may cover only about half the floor (the strip down the center of a long)
- The slat portion is raised high enough above the subfloor to provide a pit for the accumulation of manure
COMBINATION OF LITTER & SLAT FLOOR
