Hormones + Function Flashcards
what happens in the endocrine system?
this system uses proteins, called hormones, that are released into the blood stream by glands and target specific cells in the body
speed of endocrine system
slow (except adrenaline)
type of message sent with endocrine system
chemical
method sent in endocrine system
via the blood - dissolved in the plasma
response to the message in the endocrine system
only target cells respond even though the message is sent all over the body
role in the body of the endocrine system
controls long term processes such as reproduction and growth
speed of action in the nervous system
fast
type of message in the nervous system
electrical impulse
method sent in the nervous system
along neurones
response to the message in the nervous system
message sent directly to a muscle or a gland - not all over body
role in the body of the nervous system
used when a fast response is needed
what are the major glands in the body?
- the brain (contains the hypothalamus, which controls the pituitary gland)
- thyroid gland
- adrenal glands (produces adrenaline)
- pancreas (produces insulin)
- testis (produces testosterone)
- ovary (produces oestrogen)
where is insulin produced?
the pancreas
what is the function of insulin?
causes liver and muscles to take up glucose and convert it to glycogen for storage
where is ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) produced?
pituitary gland
what is the function of ADH?
reduces the amount of water lost in urine
where is oestrogen produced?
ovaries
what is the function of oestrogen?
stimulates uterus lining to develop and the development of secondary female characteristics
where is progesterone produced?
ovaries
what is the function of progesterone?
maintains uterus lining and controls the development of secondary female characteristics
where is testosterone produced?
testes
what is the function of testosterone?
stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics
where is adrenaline produced?
adrenal gland
what is the function of adrenaline?
increases heart and breathing rate for fight, fright or flight
where is FSH produced?
pituitary gland
what is the function of FSH?
stimulates an egg to mature in the ovary
where is LH produced?
pituitary gland
what is the function of LH?
stimulates the release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation)
what happens with insulin when blood sugar levels are too high?
insulin is released by the pancreas that controls the level of glucose - because when blood sugar level is too high for too long vision can be blurry and severe weight loss can occur
