Cells Flashcards
1
Q
what is a cell?
A
a cell is the smallest possible unit of life (organisms can be a single cell, or they can be made of millions of different cells)
2
Q
what three features does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t?
A
- chloroplast
- vacuole
- cell wall
3
Q
what are the features of an animal cell?
A
- cytoplasm
- nucleus
- ribosome
- mitochondria
- cell membrane
4
Q
what is the function of a nucleus?
A
- controls the activity of the cell (by making proteins)
- contains the chromosomes - strands of DNA which carry genes (each gene codes for a protein)
5
Q
what is the function of a cell membrane?
A
- boundary between the cytoplasm and the cell’s surroundings
- controls what substances enter and leave the cell
6
Q
what is the function of cytoplasm?
A
- jelly like liquid where chemical reactions occur
7
Q
what is the function of mitochondria?
A
- carries out some reactions of aerobic respiration, producing ATP (energy carrier molecule)
8
Q
what is the function of ribosomes?
A
- synthesis (assemble) proteins from amino acids
9
Q
what is the function of chloroplasts?
A
- absorb light energy and use it to carry out the chemical reactions of photosynthesis, making biological molecules for plant cells
10
Q
what is the function of the cell wall?
A
- made of cellulose (a carbohydrate) in plants
- helps to keep plant cells in a fixed shape (keeps the plant upright)
11
Q
what is the function of a vacuole?
A
- filled with a watery liquid called cell sap - stores dissolved sugars, mineral ions and other substances
12
Q
what do all cells contain?
A
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
