Hoofdstuk 8

Question 1

law of large numbers

Answer 1

the statistical principle that small samples produce poor estimates of a population’s characteristics, whereas larger samples are more reliable.

Question 2

Regression to the mean

Answer 2

the statistical fact that extreme events will, on average, be less extreme when reassessed later.

Question 3

dilution effect

Answer 3

a judgment bias in which people underutilize diagnostic information when nondiagnostic information is also present.

Question 4

accountability

Answer 4

the need to justify one’s judgments to others

Question 5

introspective access

Answer 5

describes people’s ability to report accurately on the processes (not simply contents) of their minds.

Question 6

linear model

Answer 6

describes a combinatorial rule using a weighted average or sum of components, for example, when the total impression is an additive combination of the available information.

Question 7

guided induction

Answer 7

involves a learning-through-examples approach.

Question 8

thin slices of behavior

Answer 8

describe people seeing brief (typically under a minute) samples of a person’s actions and drawing remarkably accurate inferences about enduring characteristics

Question 9

Neuroeconomics

Answer 9

brings together insights from the three disciplines of economics, neuroscience, and psychology to understand decision making.