Hoofdstuk 14 Flashcards
Dyscalculia
Difficulties in understanding numbers; calculation difficulties
Place value system
A system of writing numbers in which the quantity is determined by its place in the written string
Habituation
In infant studies, old or familiar objects receive less attention
Violation of expectancy
Infants look longer at unexpected events
Counting
The process of putting each item in a collection in one-to-one correspondence with a number or some other internal/external tally
Waarom is het makkelijker het verschil te zien tussen 10 en 15 dan tussen 20 en 30?
The system for processing numbers in less precise for larger set sizes
Subitizing
The capacity to enumerate an exact quantity of objects without counting them
Distance effect
It is harder to decide which of two numbers is larger when te distance between them is small
Size effect
It is easier to state which number is larger when the numbers are small relative to large even when te distance between them is the same
Number neurons
Neurons that respond preferentially to particular set sizes
Waar worden Number neurons gevonden in het brein?
parietal lobes (vooral intraprietal sulcuc), PFC
Welk verschil in hersenactiviteit is er bij volwassen en kinderen als er paren van getallen worden vergeleken?
-bij kinderen meer activiteit in de PFC
-bij volwassenen meer activiteit in de intraparietal sulcus
Wat voor functies heeft de intraparietal sulcus bij volwassenen?
-vergelijken van paren getallen
-perform calculations
-number comparison
-comparisons of angles and line lengths
Welk deel van de hersenen heeft een dysfunction bij dyscalculie?
The parietal lobes
Mental number line
An internal analogue/continuous scale (like a line) used for comparing both discrete and continuous quantities