Hoofdstuk 12 Flashcards
Clinical pain
any pain that receives or requires professional care
High pain and related stress after surgery
impairs immune and endocrine function, slows wound healing and increases the likelihood of infection or of the pain becoming chronic
Neurotic triad
hypochondriasis/depression/hysteria
Neuroablation
surgically removing/disconnecting part of the peripheral nervous system or the spinal cord, thereby preventing pain signals from reaching the brain
Epidural Block
near the membrane that surrounds the spinal cord
Patient-Controlled Analgesia
patient pushes button
treatment programs that use the operant approach to treating pain
1) reduce patients reliance on medication
2) reduce the disability that generally accompanies chronic pain conditions (promote “well-behavior)
In vivo exposure for treating pain fears
a hierarchy of feared activities is developed and patient engages in each activity repeatedly
Muscle-contraction (tension-type) headach
Vascular Headache (migrane + combine headache)
Passive coping (naar bed/sociale vermijding)
Active coping (pijn negeren/functioneren en afleiding zoeken)
Cognitive techniques for active coping
- distraction (focus on non-painful stimulus)
- imagery
- redefinition
- amount of attention
- interesting
- the task’s credibility
Non-Pain/Guided Imagery
conjuring up a mental scene that is unrelated to /incompatible with the pain
Pain Redefinition
substitute constructive or realistic thoughts about the pain experience for ones that arouse feelings of threat or harm
- coping statements
- reinterpretive statements
Pin therapists can promote active coping and pain acceptance with a cognitive-behavioral apporach
- Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT)
- mindfulness meditation
- discussions about thoughts & feelings related to experiencing pain
- in vivo exposure feared activities
- assessment life values (commitment to achieving goals)
Active coping effectively reduces acute pain
redefinition can be used for chronic pain