History Mini Test over Islamic Empire

Question 1

Yathrib

Answer 1

yathrib is a place(now called Madina) and Muhammad moved from makkah to yathrib and that trip was called the hajrah and that is where people started to believe in him and then muhammad and the rest of the yathribianites(that’s prob not how you call peeps from yathrib but whatevs) take over Makkah(aka Mecca if you decided to do Alisia’s spelling even though the old spelling was Makkah and i like it better and its not wrong but whatever floats your boat and butters your egg roll)

Question 2

hajj

Answer 2

hajj is the trip to Makkah(pilgrimage part of the 5 pillars)

Question 3

Mu’awiyah

Answer 3

the governor of Syria and one of Ali’s chief rivals
In 661- became caliph
Used force only when he needed to
Established Umayyad dynasty
Moved capital for arabian empire from madinah to damascus

Question 4

caliph

Answer 4

Dudes who ruled
Religious and political successor to Muhammad
First caliph- abu bakr

Question 5

Muslim Agricultural Revolution

Answer 5

Introducing new crops
A new source of income, jobs, food
Get most out of the land
Important to gain access t crops that could be grown and harvested 3 times/year
Irrigation systems
Qanat
An irrigation system that transported water from hills and mountains to arid valleys to be used for irrigation. Used all across the Middle East and Central Asia
Norias
No idea what this is
I think it is like some wheel thingy to spread water. Fun fact only 17 of the original Norias remain.
All peeps benefit from it
Humans change the environment in good and bad ways with MAR and adapt the environments.

Question 6

cultural/technological diffusion through Muslim empires

Answer 6

They built stuff and other peeps saw it and they were like omg i like it and so they prob took it and used it themselves and then were like i like totatlly did not take your idea because this was mine and then even morepeople saw it and they were like omg i like it(too) and so then it spread and there were like hundreds of people all over the world(prob not because nvm thats too long to explain)d those people were all saying omg i like it. The end. Oh i like this song
Overtime the ideas probably spread to one another and changed
Some parts of muslim empires didn’t agree with one another so there was the big split (shia and sunni)

Question 7

Governing method of Muslim caliphs

Answer 7

Spread islamic faith
Follow Quran
Say war is okay as long as it is defensive and fair
There is a belief that Muslim warriors that die in battle are rewarded
Allowed other religions that were “of the book”(religions that God had revealed to people before the time of Muhammad) to practice their religions as long as they followed a few restrictions.
Mu’awiyah didn’t use force unless needed
Some parts of muslim empires didn’t agree with one another so there was the big split (shia and sunni)
Shia
Only let descendents of Ali rule
Sunni
Don’t agree with Umayyad but allow them to rule
The caliph soon became more complex
Have a Vizer(prime minister)
Independent dynasties made