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VETM 320 > Histology - Soft Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Histology - Soft Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

which forces do soft connective tissue deal with?

A

tensile and compressive forces

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2
Q

what is soft connective tissue mainly made of?

A

collagen

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3
Q

what is tropocollagen?

A

3 collagen monomers wrapped around each other

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4
Q

what type of tissue is this?

what makes the dark/light lines in the individual fibers?

A

collagen

tropocollagen

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5
Q

what is Hyaluronic acid?

A

a main component of the extracellular matrix, found within aggrecan (proteoglycans)

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6
Q

what is aggrecan?

A

major proteoglycan in articular cartilage

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7
Q

what is this structure?

what is the advantage of the shape?

A

aggrecan

water is attracted to structure and difficult to get out

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8
Q

what forms the backbone of aggercan?

A

hyaluronic acid

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9
Q

what is the relationship between strenth and flexibility?

A

being flexible helps to share the weight, therfore making structure stronger

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10
Q

what is connective tissue mostly made of? why?

A

water

easily obtained, essentially incompressible

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11
Q

what makes up the extracellular matrix?

A

collagens and elastins, proteoglycans

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12
Q

what force does collagen and elastin in the ECM deal with?

A

tensile strength

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13
Q

what is the role of proteoglycans in the ECM?

A

retain water

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14
Q

in connective tissue, what is the %/vol ofr maintenance cells?

A

not many (few)

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15
Q

what type of connective tissue is this?

A

mesentary - loose connective tissue

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16
Q

what are the loose connective tissues in the body?

A

mesentary and synovium, adipose

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17
Q

what are mesentary/synovium used for?

A

holding things together

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18
Q

what are tendons and ligaments used for?

A

used for pulling on

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19
Q

what type of connective tissue is this?

A

tendon - dense regular connective tissue

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20
Q

what are tendons/ligaments encased by?

A

connective tissue envelopes:

epitenon, peritenon, endotenon

epiligament, periligament, endoligament

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21
Q

where is the epitenon/epiligament?

A

on the outside of the tendon/ligament

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22
Q

where is the peritenon/periligament?

A

on the outside of the fascicle (always on the first layer down from the epitenon)

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23
Q

where is the endotenon/endoligament?

A

around the fibrils (and below)

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24
Q

what is the function of the epiligament/epitenon?

what does this do?

A

to allow tendons/ligaments to slide against each other

load sharing, flexibility

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25
Q

which is thicker, epitenon or endotenon?

A

epitenon

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26
Q

what does dense irregular connective tissue do?

A

resist forces from lots of different directions

27
Q

what are the dense regular connective tissues?

A

tendons, ligaments

28
Q

what are the dense irregular connective tissues?

A

dermis, joint capsules

29
Q

what type of connective tissue is this?

A

joint capsule - dense irregular connective tissue

30
Q

what does hyaline cartilage do?

A

compression resistance

31
Q

where is hyaline cartilage located?

A

joints, trachea, nose

32
Q

what type of connective tissue is this?

A

hyaline cartilage

33
Q

label this image

A

A: chondroblasts

B: chondrocytes

C: chondroblasts

D: pericondrium

34
Q

what is a lacunus?

A

the space where condrocytes live

35
Q

what is this image showing?

what is the arrow pointing to?

A

chondrocytes in lacunae in hyaline cartilage

arrow: lacunus

36
Q

what is the leading edge of hyaline cartilage?

A

where the cell reproduction happens

37
Q

what is a “stack of coins” in hyaline cartilage?

A

chondroblasts form this stack of cells while they inflate and become chondrocytes

38
Q

which comes first, the lacunus or the chondrocyte?

A

chondrocyte

39
Q

what is this image showing?

A

hyaline cartilage reproduction (stack of coins)

40
Q

what is the organization/geometry of cartilage?

A

arcades (arches) next to each other with a band over top

41
Q

which forces do the intervertebral discs, menisci, and heart skeleton deal with?

A

compressive and tensile strength

42
Q

what type of cartilage is used in intervertrbral discs, menisci, and heart skeleton?

A

fibrocartilage

43
Q

what type of connective tissue is this?

A

fibrocartilage

44
Q

what forces does elastic cartilage deal with?

A

resistance and flexibility

45
Q

where is elastic cartilage found on the body?

A

pinnae, epiglottis

46
Q

what type of connective tissue is this?

A

elastic cartilage

47
Q

what type of tissue is this?

A

elastic cartilage

48
Q

what is in elastic cartilage to make it flexible?

A

elastin

49
Q

what is adipose tissue used for?

A

storage of lipids and padding

50
Q

what is white adipose tissue used for?

A

long-term fat storage

51
Q

what is brown adipose tissue used for?

A

fat storage that is available for use right away –> heat production

52
Q

what type of cell is this?

A

white adipocytes

53
Q

what type of cell is this?

A

brown adipocytes

54
Q

what makes brown adipose tissue more easily accessible?

A

instead of one big cell, there are lots of little cells = more SA to interact with surrounding tissues = more availability for usage

55
Q

what does unilocular mean?

A

single locus for a lipid droplet in an adipocyte

56
Q

what adipocyte is uniloculatr? which one is multilocular?

A

unilocular: white adipocytes
multilocular: brown adipocytes

57
Q

what is brown adipose tissue rich in?

A

mitochondria

58
Q

what is the difference in nuclei and lipid droplets in brown and white adipocytes?

A

brown: central nuclei, multiple peripheral lipid droplets
white: peripheral nuclei, one large lipid droplet

59
Q

what happens when cartilage is compressed for a long time?

A

surface structures are compressed, but the inner layer is the same

60
Q

what happens when you remove proteoglycans from connective tissue?

A

water flows out because there is less resistance, lose structure of tissue

61
Q

what type of tissue is this?

what is the difference between A and B?

A

cartilage

A: has proteoglycans

B: missing proteoglycans

62
Q

what is another name for hyaline cartilage?

A

articular cartilage

63
Q

what is a chondron?

A

a cluster of chondrocytes (touching each other)

64
Q

what is this wavy pattern known as ?

A

collagen crimp

VETM 320 (18 decks)

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