histology - animal tissue 🐈⬛ Flashcards
what are the four types of tissue
epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous
what are the five types of epithelial tissue
squamous
cubiodial
coloumnar
ciliated
stratified
what is the squamous epithelium
found in capillaries
thin flat cells that allows for diffusion
what is cuboidal epithelium
-circle shaped nuclei
-found in lining ducts eg. glands
-cube like structure
-produces secretions
what is ciliated columnar
located in the trachea
-elongated cells with tiny hairs
-traps dust and moves sperm
what is stratified epithelium
-more than one layer of cells
location: skin
-layers of epithelium
-protection
what are goblet cells
mucous secretions
lubricate
what are the six types of connective tissue
binds and connects tissue
-areolar connective tissue
-apidose connective tissue
-dense connective tissue
-cartilage
-bone
-blood
what is the areolar connective tissue
it surrounds blood vessels and nerves
-surrounds intestines
-a jelly like matrix which has networks for elastic and inelastic fibres (fibroblasts)
-it holds organs in place
what is the apidose connective tissue
-it surrounds organs and is under the skin
-it is large gobular cells
-it stores fat, insulates and protects organs
what is dense connective tissue
-tissue that makes up tendons and ligaments (ligaments and tendons)
-ligaments =elastic fibres = attaches bones
-tendons =inelastic fibres = attaches muscles to bones
what is the cartilage
-it surrounds the bones of joins
it’s a semi solid matrix with cells called chondrocytes
it’s part of the endoskeleton
what are bones
forms bones of the endoskeleton
a solid matrix
provides strength and movement
what is blood
liquid matrix formed in the red bone marrow located in the blood vessels or heart
what are red blood cells
-erythrocytes
-transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissue and returns carbon dioxide back
-made in the bone marrow
-has the haemoglobin pigment
what are white blood cells
leukocytes
-protect the body from disease
-produced form bone marrow and lymph nodes
-they are irregular in shape
what are platelets
produced in the bone marrow
-assist in blood clotting and prevents excessive bleeding
what are nerves
neurons that make up the nervous system found in the brain and is meant to respond to stimuli
what is skeletal muscle tissue
a voluntary muscle
what is cardiac muscle
muscle making up the heart
describe smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle with tapered ends that is found within the walls of blood vessels
what is nervous tissue
it transmits nerve impulse around the body
what are the three types of nerve cells
-sensory neurons
-interneurons
-motor neurons
describe sensory neurons
electrical impulses sent towards the spinal cord and brain
what are motor neurons
impulses form the spinal cord and brain to the muscles and glands
what are interneurons
found in the brain and spinal cord
-responsible for processing info
what is biotechnology
scientific use of biological processes for industrial purposes
what is medical biotechnology
medical use of biotechnology
what is IKS
-indigenous knowledge systems
-knowledge that a community acquired over generations
-includes knowledge about agriculture, healthcare, education and management
what are the traditional medicines
devils claw is a pain reliever
african potato strengthens the immune system
describe medical biotechnology
vaccines, antibiotics, blood transfusions cloning
what is cloning and it’s three types
process of making a genetically identical copy of a gene, tissue or organism
-gene cloning: cloning small sections of DNA
-reproductive cloning: copies of whole animals
-therapeutic cloning: stem cells that are able to grow specific tissues
why clone
for research
drug testing
livestock for farming
