CAT term 2 (theory) Flashcards
what is a computer
a multi purpose portable electronic device
eg. laptop, tablet, smartphone
what is hardware
physical parts of a computer
eg. mouse, monitor, keyboard
what is software
specific instructions we give the computer to get it to do something useful
what is a multi purpose tool
ability to run different types of programs
why are smartphones considered computers
it has apps that enable it to do way more than phone calls
what is the information processing cycle
input - processing of data - output - storage
explain the IPC
input from the keyboard or mouse, information is processed and produces an output on the screen or printer which is usually stored.
what is data
unprocessed items eg. text, numbers, images
what is information
result of processing data, should be useful
what is the booting process
operating system automatically loads when the computer is switched on.
what is the desktop
screen of the operating system that includes icons, start button, quick launch task bar
what is GUI
graphical user interface
what are the common features of a program
an area of the screen is sued to display the feedback or output of a program this is defined as a window.
what is application software
group of programs that perform specific tasks for users eg. Microsoft word
what is system software
software that is intended to control, support or operate the computer
eg. operating system - windows/ apple mac OS
what are the functions of an operating system
manages all hardware and software
maintains security
provides an interface
what is an interface
important part of the operating system
-all the content of the screen is arranged and presented
- desktop is personalized
apps are represented by the icons
what are the short cut keys
ctrl c for copy
ctrl s for save
what is the dialog box
conveys a message and contains
-tab in dialog
-combo and list box
-check box
what are the utilities
snipping tool and calculator
what is a program
set of instructions loaded into memory
what are commands
given by the user
what are ports
sockets used to connect peripherals to the computer
what is plug and play
detects and configures a device
what is a monitor output
also known as an lcd or led
is measured in inches diagonally
what is a monitor output
also known as an lcd or led
is measured in inches diagonally
what are the differnces between an inkjet printer and a laser printer
inkjet
sprays ink, cheaper and slower
laser
works like a photo copier, is more expensive and is faster
what is a hard drive
main and large device located within a computer
what is a flash drive
uses electronic memory to store data- powered by USB
what is rsi
repetitive strain injury
what prevents rsi
ergonomically designed equipment
what are three health tips for using computers
ergonomic equipment
sitting correctly
adequate lighting
what is green computing
switch off unused computers
avoid wasting paper
repair broken hardware
how to set up a file name
name dot extension
what is a file path
sequence of folders starting from drive letter separed by / and file location
what is the recycle bin
holds files deleted from local hard drive
what are short cuts
created to point a file out
ctrl x cut
ctrl c copy
ctrl v paste
ctrl a select all
how to convert file types
save as —- save as type
this converts it to another file type
what does a desktop contain
mouse keyboard screen and box with cpu memory and storage
what is a server
provides resources and services
what are dedicated devices
devices designed to do one thing
eg. mp3 players
gps trackers
what is ICT
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY
its a combination of hardware software data processing and people
what is a point of sales system
uses barcodes or scanning
its more accurate
how can ICT be used unethically
theft, spreading false info, malicious software
what is integrated software
microsoft office
it separates packages that has a similar interface
separates packages designed to share and exchange data.
sold as a suite of problems
what is proprietary software
owned by someone and may only be provided under license agreement
what is EULA
end user licensing agreement
legal agreement describing what can and cant be done with the software
what is single user license
can only install one copy
what is site license
allows one company an unrestricted number of installments of software within the company
what is freeware
fully functioning software that can be used without restriction.
what is shareware
restricted software that should be paid for after its free trial
what is open source software
software that may be freely used, modified and distributed but NOT sold
eg. java Linux open office
what are utility programs
used to assist the user perform maintenance tasks
what is compression
process of creating a copy or more files which are smaller eg. winzip compresses and decompresses files.
what is a driver
software that allows your computer to communicate with hardware devices
what are pointing devices
trackball, pen, touch
what are sensors
built into mobile devices
what’s an accelerometer
detects movement such as screen orientation
what are temperature sensors
safeguards electronics
what is optical media
CD/ DVD/ mainly used for media and games
what is a motherboard
large circuit board that allows all other parts to connect to it and communicate via it.
what is CPU
Central Processing Unit- PROCESSES DATA AND CARRIES IINSTRUCTIONS OUT
what is RAM
random access memory- large working memory
what is ROM
read only memory - smaller
what is network
a collection of computers and other devices that are connected either via cable or wirelessly
what is a server
powerful computer that provides shared resources in a network
what is the internet
a global network consisting of many networks that are connected to each other
advantages of the internet
communication
leisure
sharing resources
disadvantages of the intenet
data is vulnerable
expensive to set up
harmful software
two examples of open source office suites
openoffice and libreoffice
winZip and winRar
compression utility programmes
blu ray
optical disc format designed to enable recording, rewriting and playback of HD videos as well as storing large amounts of data
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MIRC)
technology that enables a machine to read characters such as bank numbers on a cheque
software piracy
illegal installation, copying and distributing of proprietary software
multi function printer
is an all-in-one device which can print, scan, photocopy and fax
optical mark recognition
process of capturing marks made by a human
speed measurement (GHz)
Gigahertz is the unit in which the speed of CPU is measure
-one GHz represents 1 billion cycles per second
what’s botnet
group of compromised computers connected to a network such a as f internet and controlled remotely to attack other networks
what’s hackers and crackers
computer criminals who break into computer systems either for recognition (hackers) or with criminal intent (crackers)
what is ADSL (asymmetric digital subscriber line)
permanent digital connection to the internet using the telephone line
what’s a content aggregator
website or application that gathers different web content from many different online sources
what is HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
language in which web pages are written
-this language supports links to other documents
what a Internet Protocol Address (IP address)
unique address of every computer connected in a network or to the internet
what’s an internet service provider (ISP)
a company that is permanent, fast connection to the internet
-sells internet services to individuals or organisations for a monthly fee
what’s an URL (uniform resource locator)?
an alpha-numerical address used to identify resources such as web pages, documents and files stored on web servers on the web
what netiquette
internet etiquette
what’s a computer worm
malware that is able to distribute itself over a network
