consumers november 2023 Flashcards
consumer rights- information + choice
- right to equality: quality in products and services
-right to be charged fair prices: price needs to meet quality
-right to be treated with respect
type of decisions
spur of the moment: made in a hurry
-habitual: habit
-intuitive: intuition
-rational: logical thinking
consumer definition
-a person who buys products or services
consumers can fulfil their needs by
-they can buy and use different products and services to satisfy their needs
-the use of the “Maslow hierarchy of needs”
-self actualisation needs
-esteem needs
-social needs
-safety and security needs
-physiological needs
main objective of advertising
-persuade and provide information about product quality, availability and price or AIDA
market segmentation
-segmentation means to divide
-market segmentation involves dividing the market into groups of people who share needs, interests, likes and dislikes
each segment needs to
-have an identity that describes its members
-display behaviour that differs from other segments
-behave consistently
problems and concerns with packaging materials
-packaging may be bigger than the actual product which misleads the consumer
-the materials used are made from limited natural resources
-pollution
ways to protect the environment
-reduce reuse recycle
-conservation and sustainability
-use of products that preserve biodiversity
definition of sustainable
-to be maintained well so the product can be used in the future
definition of universal design
-designed for all people
definition of mass marketing
-the process of appealing to an entire market rather than one targeted group
definition of profit
-financial gain
maslows hierarchy of needs
-self actualisation needs
-esteem needs
-social needs
-security needs
-physiological needs
conformity
-compliance with standards, rules, or laws.
cultural factors
-the set of values, ideologies, belief systems, norms, and practices that are learned and shared among members of a group or society
peer group
-a group of people of approximately the same age, status, and interests.
individuality
-the quality or character of a particular person or thing that distinguishes them from others of the same kind, especially when strongly marked.
reference group
-collection of people who act as a baseline that individuals or other groups use for comparison
economic factors
-a factor that can affect and influence an individuals’ financial status.
difference between a need and a want
-need: is something that is necessary to live and function.
-want: A want is something that can improve your quality of life.
Maslows hierarchy of needs info
-physiological needs ( bottom part of triangle): basic things we need for survival
:food, water, air, shelter
-security and safety needs ( 2 bottom block): physical and psychological safety
:locks and keys, insurance, education
-social needs (middle block): love and affection or products that tend to make you happy
:cosmetics, fashionable clothing etc
ego/ self esteem needs (fourth level): need for respect and appreciation or need for status recognition etc from others
:self esteem- academic success
:reputation- cars, house, jewellery etc
self actualisation needs (highest level): boosts possibility of becoming a better person
:educational programs, musical instruments etc
why consumers should take their time deciding purchases
- recognise the problem or need
- search for information
- evaluate alternatives
- make a choice or purchase decision
- do a post choice analysis
-being rational/ taking your time when making purchasing decisions can lead to more informed, cost-effective, and satisfying choices. in conclusion saving money and time
be able to name + explain psychological factors that influence consumer buying behavior.
-there are 9 physiological factors
- motivation or needs: motivation is the driving force that drives action, tension produces the driving force which comes from unfulfilled needs, needs and desires. One way we can reduce tension is by buying possessions we feel will fulfils our needs.
- personality: personality is the characteristics that determines how a person behaves and responds to the environment, which influences products, shops and advertisements
- symbolism: products have symbolic value to the consumer
- perception: process in which the brain selects, organises and interprets information to produce meaning
- knowledge: when making a decision, the consumer needs to process information about the product
- values: standard that guides your actions, attitudes, comparisons, evaluations and justifications
- beliefs and feelings: these affect our consumer behaviour, whether we have positive or negative beliefs
- attitude: a construct that represents an individuals degree of like or dislike for something
- lifestyle: the consistent pattern you follow in your life
credit options
-credit facilities = buy now pay later
-consumers buy things they can’t afford at the moment
-credit facilities influence impulse buying due them not considering the financial constraints
social class and how it influences consumers
-social class: an open group of individuals with similar social rank
-social class determines the type, quality and quantity of products a person buys or uses
definition of energy dense food
-the amount of energy or calories in a particular weight of food.
-usually represented by kcal/g
definition of energy dense food
-the amount of energy or calories in a particular weight of food.
-usually represented by kcal/g
be able to identify food groups and link nutrients (eg. Vit B (nutrient)/ Grain and grain products (food group)
food pyramid:
-grains: bread, rice, pasta etc
* grains contain carbs, B vitamins, folic acid and iron
* unrefined foods contain fibre which prevents constipation
-vegetables: spinach, broccoli, carrots, pumpkin
-fruits: provides vitamins A,B,C,E, high in fibre and contain minerals
* they act as antioxidants
-oils: they provide energy and fatty acids
* they promote the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK)
-milk: provides proteins, which promotes growth and calcium
-meat and beans: chicken, beef, and legumes such as peanuts, soya and eggs
* they are rich in soluble and insoluble fibre
* rich in vitamins and protein
why are these foods good for teenagers: protein, calcium, iron and fibre
-protein: builds and repairs body tissue
-calcium: builds strong teeth and bones
-iron: builds haemoglobin (oxygen carrier in blood)
-fibre: stimulates peristaltic movements in small and large intestine
be able to read a menu and identify things like which one has more energy.
-carbs
-fruits and vegetables
be able to explain why peer pressure affects healthy eating habits in teens.
-teenagers are influenced by their peers
-they may eat foods with their friends or foods their friends eat compared to what they would eat with their parents
factors that affect the clothes we wear
-modesty
-fashion and aesthetics
-status
adaptations for comfort and safety in wheelchairs
-pants should have a different cut for those who are wheelchair bound such as extra length for comfort
-fabrics should be stretchy
-elastic waistbands
-velcro fasteners
-open back or adaptive clothing
-non slip shoes
-extra cushioning
tips for designing/buying clothes for someone with arthritis in hands.
-easy closures: no unnecessary hand movements
-elastic waistbands
-slip on shoes
-custom tailoring
-larger armholes
-lightweight fabrics
-assistive devices
properties of cotton
cotton: properties of cotton
-strong
-abrasion resistant
-conducts heat
-absorbs moisture
-soft & comfortable
properties of wool
wool:
-insulation
-durability
-breathability
-soft and comfortable
definition of free standing housing/ full title housing
free standing: stands on its own
-full ownership
-full privacy
-modifications and regulations can be made
safety measures used in SA homes
-fencing
-protected windows
-security gates
-alarm system
-insurance
ergonomics
science that studies people’s relationship to their working environment and seeks to improve working environments
-focuses on fixing poor posture and restricting movement
-improper work methods can damage the body
-focuses on efficiency and comfort in the home and work space
AIDA principal
-attention: attract potential customers attention
-interest: grab their attention with the advantages of the product
-desire: convincing the consumer that purchasing the product will satisfy their needs
-action: motivating the consumer to take action by purchasing the product or service
why do people become entrepreneurs
-unemployed and creates their own employment
-to generate an income
-need to be independent
-passionate about a product
difference between marketing and selling
-marketing: processor planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to satisfy customers needs
-selling: closing the sale with the customer
reasons why entrepreneurs may fail
-lack of experience
-not enough research done
-ineffective management planning
definition of entrepreneur
-someone who can combine knowledge and skills with raw materials and inspiration to create something new that has value and transform this into an economic opportunity
why is entrepreneurship important in SA economy
makes a positive contribution to the country’s economic and social development
-creates new products and services
-creates job opportunity
factors to consider in choice of food items for small scale production.
-culture
-socio economic conditions
-preferences
how target groups influence food choices
-appearance of dish
-fashion trends
-sizing or colour of dish
-good smell and taste
how socio-economic conditions of target market play a role in food products sold.
-people with higher socio economic status earns more money
-socio economic determine what people eat, clothes they wear etc
