taxonomy Flashcards
biodiversity
-refers to the variety of life forms that occur on earth
3 types of biodiversity
-species diversity (variety of species)
-genetic biodiversity (genetic variety within a species)
-ecosystem diversity (variety of ecosystems that occur in a specific area)
what are the 4 species types
-indigenous species
-endemic species
-alien species
-invasive alien species
describe indigenous species
-species that occur naturally in a particular country or region
describe endemic species
-indigenous and naturally found only in a particular area and nowhere else
describe alien species
-species living outside its natural range
-spread around human activity to new areas
describe invasive alien species
-alien species that establish themselves and spreads quickly causing environmental damage
what is biological classification
-scientific process of grouping and organising biodiversity
what is taxonomy
-taxonomists are biologists that identify, describe, name and classify organisms with shared features into taxa
what is systematics
-study of diversity and relationships of taxa through time
what is formal taxonomy
-used for ease of communication
-standardised globally
who created the two kingdom system
-Swedish botanist called carlous linnaeus classified living organisms into two kingdoms: plantae and animalia
-this is a PAST system
what is the five kingdom system
-created by robert whitaker in 1969
-monera (bacteria)
-protista (algae)
-fungi (moulds and mushrooms)
-plantae (complex plants )
-animalia (multicellula animals)
difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
prokaryotes: monera
-no true nuclei
-no organelles
-no nuclear membrane
eukaryotes: protista, fungi, plantae & animalia
-contains a nucleus
-has a nuclear membrane
-true organelles
what are the rules of the binomial system of nomenclature
- genus name must be written with a capital letter
- species must be written with a small letter
