histology 3

Question 1

describe the hepatocytes

Answer 1

large polyhedral cells, with round nuclei can be binucleated Strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm, Lots of mitochondria, free
ribosomes and RER, Lipofuscin brown granules – increase with age

Question 2

where do we find the sinusoids and the bile canaliculi

Answer 2

the sinusoids are between adjacent rows of hepatocytes, the bile cancaluli are between the hepatocytes themselves

Question 3

whats at each portal triad

Answer 3

a bile duct, a branch of the hepatic artery and the hepatic portal vein

Question 4

what are the hepatic acini

Answer 4

These are the areas of the lobule that are supplied by a single hepatic artery and hepatic vein branch. the functional units of the hepatocyte

Question 5

what are the hepatic acini zones

Answer 5

Zone one is the periportal area: It is the closest to the divisions of the arteries and veins. Hence It has a higher level of oxygenation, intracellular organelle concentration, high rate of metabolic activity and high regenerative capacity. This is essentially because the cells in this zone are close to the oxygen source.

zone 3: Pericentral zone is that zone closest to the central vein. This area is lower in everything compared to the periportal zone one. So it is more affected by hepatic fibrosis and other diseases, it contains more wear and tear pigment.
All infection of the liver starts in that zone three.

Question 6

where do the stellate cells exist and what do they do

Answer 6

these exist in the space of disse that lies between the hepatocytes and the sinuoids. these cells produce reticulin fibres. if liver damage they become over active to produce cirrhosis scarring

Question 7

where do the kupffer cells exist and what do they do

Answer 7

these are within the sinusoid These function to remove aged and damaged RBC when the spleen is not functioning properly. They also secrete hepatic cytokines that can activate the Stellate cells to deposit reticulin.

Question 8

what are the pancreatic stellate cells

Answer 8

Myofibroblast like cells in periacinar
space
* Long processes encircle base of acini
and ducts
* Usually quiescent, when activated, are
involved in pathogenesis of chronic
pancreatitis and cancer

Question 9

what do the exocrine cells of the pancreas look like

Answer 9

look like the acini secretory cells of the serous glands. secreting enzymes and mucus and things