histology 2 Flashcards
whats special about the mucosa of the stomach
the rugae, these are folds of the mucosa that are able to expand to allow the stomach to take up more volume
whats special about the muscularis propria of the stomach
innermost oblique layer, inner circular and outer longitudinal
describe the gastric mucosa
Lined with simple columnar.
There are gastric pits, the opening of these pits is the gastric pore. The pit is the canal the bifurcates to the mucosal glands in the stomach.
The glands have neck/isthmus, body and base areas.
Gastric glands are only in the lamina propria, they are all mucosal. Not submucosal.
what are the gastric cells
surface mucosal cells, mucosal neck cells, chief cells, paritetal cells
stem cells and neuro-endocrine cells
describe the chief cells
these are towards the base of the gastric gland, these function to secrete enzymes like lipase and pepsinogen
they are cuboidal cells with lots of rER and round basal nuclei with apical zymogens
describe the parietal cell
these are more on the apical half of the mucus gland.
these secrete HCl and intrinsic factor.
these are large round cells with central nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm
also have intracellular canaliculi for increased secretory surface area
the mucosa of the small intestine doesnt have mucus glands it has?
it has crpyts
what cells line the intestinal vili and give me any special features about them
there are the columnar epithelial cells that are leaky epithelium for much water absorption. also have microvilli and glycocalyx which house digestive enzymes for dipeptide molecules
also have goblet cells in the intestinal mucosa
what are the intestinal crypt cells
crypt enterocytes - secrete ions and alkaline fluid to protect the small intestine mucosa
paneth cells - secrete antibacterial enzymes to protect the small intestine
stem cells
neuroendocrine cells
whats the brunners glands
these are the only other places you will find submucosal glands in the GI tract. these exist in the upper parts of the duodenum and they secrete alkaline fluid into the base of the intestinal crypts for the sake of protection of the small intestine
whats special about the large intestine mucosa
nothing. its flat and has just has intestinal glands of just goblet cells
whats special about the large intestine
has the haustra pouching. then it has the 3 longitudinal bands of smooth muscle to form the teniae coli
