Histology Flashcards
How can you tell an endometrial sample was taken in the proliferative phase?
Presence of mitotic figures in the endometrial glands
Glands are still very round
What is the stroma of the endometrium?
The cells which surround the glands
Both glands and stroma proliferate in the presence of oestrogen in the proliferative phase
What colour does the corpus luteum appear grossly?
What does it become if fertilisation does not occur in 14 days?
yellow
corpus albicans - white
How do the glands change in the secretory (14 days prior to menstruation) phase?
What hormone is this change caused by?
Increased tortuosity and luminal secretions
Progesterone - no more proliferation now
During what phase of the menstrual cycle are samples the least informative?
Menstrual
Polyps always lead to malignancy? T/F?
F - almost always benign but can have focal malignancies
How does adenomyosis appear histologically?
Endometrial glands and stroma in the myometrium
Grossly appear as cystic spaces
Normally organs are surrounded by a layer of squamous epithelium. What is different about the ovary?
Surrounded by single layer of cuboidal cells
Germinal epithelium
What is the name for the fluid filled space which appears in secondary follicles?
Antrum
What is the name for the zone between the oocyte and granulosa cells?
Zona pellucida
What is the name of the inner layer of stroma cells which surround the follicle?
What is special about them?
Theca interna - secrete oestrogen precursors which are converted to oestrogen by granulosa cells
What kind of epi is found in the uterine tubes?
Describe the appearance of the lumen as you pass from isthmus to the infundibulum?
Simple columnar CILIATED epi
Increasingly tortuous appearance
What is the name of the two layers of the endometrium?
Which is the one that gets shed during menstruation?
Spasm in what arteries leads to blood supply being cut ff?
Stratum functionalis - lose this
Stratum basalis
Spiral arteries
What is secreted by the endometrial glands during the secretory phase?
Glycogen
The site of epi transition at the cervix is a common site of dysplasia. What is the epi changing from and to?
From simple columnar epi in uterus
to
stratified squamous epi in vagina
