Anatomy - Surgical Incisions for O+G

Question 1

Describe the muscle layers of the anterolateral abdo wall

Answer 1

Superficial -> Deep

External oblique (direction of hand in pocket)
Internal oblique
Trasnversus abdominis

Question 2

What is the name given to the midline of blended abdo muscles?

Where does it start and end?

Answer 2

Linea alba

Xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

Question 3

Through what muscle would you find the umbilical ring where the umbilical cord would come through?

Answer 3

Rectus abdominus

Question 4

Between which muscles are the majority of nerves and vessels found in the anterolateral wall?

Answer 4

Internal oblique and transversus abdominis

Question 5

What makes the rectus abdominis appear like a 6 pack?

Answer 5

Tendinous intersections

Question 6

The rectus sheath is made of combined aponeuroses of anterolateral abdo muscles. It must be sutured back together post surgery to maintain a good heal and keep infection out.

Describe how the muscles help to form it.
Where does this change?

Answer 6

Inferiorly
external, internal oblique and transversus make up anterior rectus sheath

Anteriorly

External = ant
Internal = anterior and posterior (goes around the rectus abdominis) 
Trasnversus = post

Rectus abdominus muscle decides if anterior or posterior

This point of change in position of sheaths occurs 1/3 of way between umbilicus and pubic crest

Question 7

Once you have transected the muscles what do you then come to?

Answer 7

Fasica
Fat
Parietal peritoneum

Question 8

Where is the majority of nerve supply to anterolateral abdo wall come from?

Answer 8

Lateral direction
7th-11th intercostal nerves -> abdo wall and become thoracoadominal nerves

Subcostal
Iliohypogastric
Ilioinguinal

Question 9

The anterior abdo wall gets blood supply from superior and inferior epigastric arteries. These are continuations of what arteries?

Answer 9

Superior epigastric - internal thoracic

Inferior epigastric - external iliac

Question 10

Where does the lateral abdo wall blood supply come from?

Answer 10

Intercostal and sub costal arteries - continuation of posterior intercostal arteries