Histo (04.13) Lymphatic System Flashcards
the lymphatic system is composed of what 7 things?
- diffuse lymphatic tissue
- lymphatic nodules
- lymph nodes
- spleen
- bone marrow
- thymus
- lymphatic vessels
what are the three major functions of the lymphatic system
- drain excess interstitial fluid
- immune response
- provide alternative transportation route for hormones, nutrients, and waste
the lymphatic system drains excess interstitial fluid to return to ___ ___ to help maintain normal blood ____
- blood stream
- volume
the immune response of the lymphatic system is to produce, maintain, and distribute ____
lymphocytes
what are the three types of lymphocytes?
- b cells
- t cells
- natural killer cells
type of lymphocytes that first recognized in the bursa of fabricius in birds; produce and secrete antibodies along with their derivative cell (plasma cell); involved with humoral immunity
B cells
B cells are ___-____% of circulating lymphocytes
20-30
type of lymphocytes that differentiate in the thymus; attach and destroy cells; involved with cell-mediated immunity;
T cells
T cells are ___-___% of circulating hormones
60-80
type of lymphocytes that kill certain transformed cells
natural killer cells
natural killer cells are ____ - ____% of circulating hormones
5-10
list the other supporting cells involved with the lymphatic system
- reticular cells
- monocytes
- macrophages
- neutrophils
- basophils
- eosinophils
- dendritic cells
- follicular cells
- langerhan cells
- epithelioreticular cells
once interstitial fluid is inside the lymphatic capillaries it is now called ____
lymph
when fluid is not drained in the lymphatic system due to blockage it is known as ____
adema
largest lymphatic duct is the ____ ___
thoracic duct
DIFFUSE and lymphatic tissue and LYMPHATIC NODULES are accumulations of lymphocytes in the ___ ___ of the alimentary canal, as well as _____,____, and ____ tracts
- lamina propria
- respiratory
- urinary
- reproductive
the DIFFUSE lymphatic tissue and LYMPHATIC NODULES have no ___ ____
surrounding capsule
lymphatic nodules are sharply defined and are a meshwork of ____ ____
reticular fibers
what are the two types of lymphatic nodules?
- primary nodule
- secondary nodule
lymphatic nodule that is the aggregation of primarily small lymphocytes
primary nodule
lymphatic nodule that will have a germinal center and a mantle zone
secondary nodules
in secondary nodules, ____ ___ ____ are present in germinal centers
follicular dendritic cells
normally, lymphatic nodules are found ____ ____ and by themselves, however, in certain locations of the alimentary canal, they are ___ ____
- randomly dispersed
- grouped together
AGGREGATED lymphatic nodules that create a ring around entrance to the oropharynx and the nasopharynx
tonsils
AGGREGATED lymphatic nodules that are located in the ileum
peyer’s patches
when naming diffuse tissue and nodules, they are named according to the ___ or ____ in which they appear
- region
- organ
MALT
mucus-associated lymphatic tissue
GALT
gut-associated lymphatic tissue
*associated with the alimentary tract
BALT
bronchus-associated lymphatic tissue
*associated with the respiratory system
lymph NODES are ____ organs along pathway of lymphatic vessels that function as a ___ ____
- capsuled
- filtering system
three parts of the lymph node that make up the stroma
- capsule
- trabeculae
- reticular tissue/meshwork
2 parts of the lymph node that make up the parenchyma
- cortex
- medulla
what are the two types of cortex on lymph nodes
- superficial cortex (has lymphatic nodules)
- deep cortex (paracortex)
what two things make up the medulla of lymph nodes
- medullary cords
- medullary sinuses
what are the four cells of the reticular meshwork of lymph nodes
- reticular cells
- dendritic cells
- macrophages
- follicular dendritic cells
what is the flow of lymph through a lymph node (5 things)
- afferent lymph vessel
- subcapsular (cortical) sinus
- trabecular sinus
- medullary sinus
- efferent lymph vessel
the thymus is the site of ___ ____ ____, a process through which T cells mature and differentiate into immunocompetent T cells
thymic cell education
the function of the SPLEEN is to filter and monitor _____ immunologically just as the lymph nodes monitor ____
- blood
- lymph
what two things does the spleen consist of?
- red pulp
- white pulp
the RED PULP of the spleen consists of blood-filled venous sinuses (splenic sinuses) surrounded by cords of splenic tissue called ____ ____, these consist of red blood cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and granulocytes.
splenic (Billroth’s) cords
the red pulp’s primary role is ____ ____
blood filtration
*removal of materials, antigens, and wornout/defective RBCs, WBCs and platelets
the WHITE pulp of the spleen is lymphatic tissue consisting mostly of lymphocytes that aggregate around branches of the _____ ____ creating a ____ ____ ___
- splenic arteries (central arteries)
- periatrterial lymphatic sheaths (PALS)
what is the main function of the white pulp of the spleen?
carry out immune functions similar to lymph nodes
