Embryo (04.06) Heart Development Flashcards
between what days does the heart tube formation take place?
18-22
the heart development begins within the ___ ___-
cardiogenic mesoderm
angioblasts form cell clusters, small cavities begin to form in the islands lined with endothelial cells creating channels that fuse to form vessels
vasculogenesis
what is the first sign of heart formation
a solid horseshoe-shaped endothelial cord forms within the cardiogenic mesoderm
at what week does the endothelial cord canalize?
4th week
___ ___ ___ created primordial heart tube
lateral body forming
the ____ sides of the horse-shoe-shaped endothelial tube fold in ventrally and medially, approaching each other at midline to fuse, forming a single ___ ___ ___
- lateral
- primordial heart tube
the septum transvedsum (diaphragm) moves from being ____ to the developing heart to being ____ to it
- anterior
- posterior
the umbilical veins are _____
deoxygenated
the oxygen to the fetus starts with the ___ ___
umbilical vein
the umbilical arteries carry what?
100% deoxygenated blood
the transverse pericardial sinus is formed when the ____ _____ degenerates
dorsal mesocardium
what primitive chamber(s) form the right ventricle
caudal portion of bulbus cordis
what primitive chamber(s) form the left venticle
primordial ventricle
what primitive chamber(s) form the right and left auricles and the portions of the atria?
primordial atrium
subdivisions of atriums
auricles
what primitive chamber(s) form the coronary sinus and sinus venarum
sinus venosus
between what days is the cardiac loop formation?
22-28
as the heart folds, its cranial end will shift ____ and ____ and to the ____
- ventrally
- caudally
- right
as the heart folds, its caudal end will shift _____ and ____
- dorsally
- superiorly
what becomes the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta (outflow of heart)
truncus arteriosus
what is the circulation through the primordial heart?
- sinus venosus
- primordial atrium
- atrioventricular (AV) canal
- left ventricle (primordial ventricle)
- interventricular (IV) foramen
- right ventricle
- conus cordis
- truncus arteriosus
- aortic sac
- pharyngeal aa
- dorsal aortae
between what weeks is the partitioning of the heart?
4th through 7th
endothelial cells near the AV junction REVERT to _____ ____, invade the underlying cardiac jelly, and ____. this causes the endocardium to bulge out into the ____ ___ forms its dorsal and ventral walls
- mesenchymal state
- proliferate
- AV canal
dorsal and ventral ___ ___ develop and fuse, forming an ____ ___ that divides the AV canal into right and left AV canals
- endocardial cushions
- atrioventricular septum
two septa fuse together to form the ___ ___
interatrial septum
which septum develops first?
septum prium (then septum secundum)
septum secundum develops second and develops in the _____ wall/septum
primary
the septum primum develops form the roof of the ____ ___ as a thin, moon-shaped membrane
primordial atrium
septum primum grows inferiorly to fuse with the ____ ____. the opening between the inferior edge of the septum and the cushions is the ___ ___
- endocardial cushions
- foramen primum
septum primum fuses with endocardial cushions and ___ ___ gradually closes off. as this happens, holes are forming in the _____ ___ through ____. these holes will unite to form the ___ ____
- foramen primum
- septum primum
- apoptosis
- foramen secundum
as holes in the septum primum coalesce to form the foramen secumdum, a thicker ____ ___ develops from the roof of the primordial ____, slightly to the right of septum primum
- septum secundum
- atrium
septum secundum grows inferiorly and develops an opening called the ____ ____
foramen ovale
in the primordial heart, entering blood passes from R to L atrium through ____ ___ and ___ ___
- foramen ovale
- foramen secum
what is closed directly after birth
septum primum (shunt is closed after first inspiration)
what is the remnant of the foramen ovale called after birth (closes off)
fossa ovalis
the MUSCULAR portion of the inter ventricular septum grows ____ toward the atrioventricular septum and ____ fuse with it
- cranially
- doesnt
the MEMBRANOUS portion of the inter ventricular septum is derived from the ____ of the ___ ___ tissue
- mesenchyme
- endocardial cushion tissue
what is the most common congenital heart defect?
ventricular septal defect
failure of the IV septum to completely form
most spontaneously close in the first year
ventricular septal defect
ventricular septal defect can involve both membranous or muscular portions but in most cases the ___ portion is the one that fails to form
membranous
when the aorticopulmonary divides outflow tract unequally, resulting in stenosis of pulmonary trunk and an overriding aorta
tetralogy of fallot
between what weeks does the sinus venosus development occur?
7-8
what are the three paired veins of the sinus venosus
- vitelline
- umbilical
- common cardinal
originally, the sinus venosus opens directly into the ___ ___ wall of the ___ ___
- central dorsal
- primordial atrium
opening of the sinus venosus into primordial atrium shifts to the ____
right (future R atrium)
tetralogy of fallout can cause what 4 things?
- interventricular septal defect
- hypertrophy of right ventricle
- overriding aorta
- pulmonary stenosis
International House Of PancakeS
what does the RIGHT horn of the sinus venosus become?
sinus venarum of right ventricle
what does the LEFT horn of the sinus venosus become
coronary sinus
the smooth portion of the inner wall of the LEFT atrium is formed by what?
pulmonary veins
what are the three ducts of the fetal circulation that we need to know?
- ductus arteriosus (become ligamentum arteriosum)
- ductus venosus (becomes ligamentum venosum)
- valve of foramen ovale (becomes fossa ovale)
